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Family Med EOR > ENOT/Opthamology > Flashcards

ENOT/Opthamology Flashcards

1
Q

etiology of acute sinusitis

A

viral URI precursor

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2
Q

s/s of acute sinusitis

A

-sinus pressure
-congestion
-purulent nasal discharge
-haltosis

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3
Q

diagnosis of acute sinusitis

A

-s/s lasting more than 10 days
-high fever and purulent discharge or facial pain
-s/s improve and then worsen

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4
Q

treatment of acute sinusitis

A

augmentin

UTD says that if uncomplicated you can use amox

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5
Q

s/s of chronic sinusitis

literally how long does it have to last to be considered chronic

A

-symptoms for 12 weeks

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6
Q

diagnosis of chronic sinusitis

A

CT

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7
Q

treatment for chronic sinusitis

A

-augmentin for 3-4 weeks
-sinus surgery

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8
Q

s/s of allergic rhinitis

A

-rhinorrhea
-sneezing
-cough
-shiners
-boggy and cobblestoning

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9
Q

treatment of allergic rhinitis

A

intranasal steroids and antihistamines

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10
Q

etiology of aphthous ulcer

A

stress is MC

(canker sore)

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11
Q

s/s of aphthous ulcer

A

small, painful ulcer with yellow/grey center and red halos

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12
Q

treatment for aphthous ulcers

A

none

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13
Q

anterior vs posterior blepharitis

A

-anterior: eyelid, eyelashes
-posterior: meibomian glands

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14
Q

s/s of blepharitis

A

-anterior: red rimmed eyes and scales seen in lashes
-posterior: inflamed glands, frothy/greasy tears

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15
Q

treatment of blepharitis

A

-warm compress
-gland expression
-antibiotic ointment

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16
Q

cholesteatoma

A

abnormal growth of squamous epithelium in middle ear and mastoid

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17
Q

s/s of cholesteatoma

A

-white mass behind TM
-hearing loss
-ottorhea

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18
Q

treatment for cholesteatoma

A

surgery

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19
Q

s/s of bacterial conjunctivitis

A

-purulent discharge
-conjunctival injection

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20
Q

treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis

A

polytrim

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21
Q

s/s of viral conjunctivitis

A

-clear discharge
-foreign body sensation
-preauricular adenopathy

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22
Q

treatment of viral conjunctivitis

A

supportive

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23
Q

s/s of allergic conjunctivitis

A

-stringy discharge
-cobblestoning
-itching

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24
Q

treatment of allergic conjuncivitis

A

-topical antihistamines

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25
Q

s/s of corneal abrasion

A

-discomfort
-tearing
-ciliary flush

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26
Q

diagnosis of corneal abrasion

A

fluorescein staining

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27
Q

tx of corneal abrasion

A

-polytrim drops
-NSAID eyedrops

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28
Q

s/s of corneal ulcer

A

-ciliary flush
-hypopyon

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29
Q

tx of corneal ulcer

A

abx drops
refer to opthalmology

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30
Q

dacryocystitis

A

infection of the lacrimal sac/duct

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31
Q

s/s of dacryocystitis

A

pain and swelling of the tear duct

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32
Q

treatment of dacryocystitis

A

-augmentin

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33
Q

entropion

A

inward turning of the lower eyelid

34
Q

treatment for entropion

A

-surgery
-botox

35
Q

ectropion

A

outward turning of the lower eyelid

36
Q

treatment of ectropion

A

surgery

37
Q

anterior vs posterior epistaxis

A

posterior source cannot be visualized

ant: Kiesselbachs
post: posterolateral branches of sphenopalatine artery

38
Q

treatment of epistaxis

A

-pressure and lean forward
-decongestant
-vasoconstrictor
-cautery
-packing

39
Q

s/s of acute glaucoma

A

-halos
-HA
-severe eye pain
-nausea
-vision loss
-red steamy cornea

40
Q

diagnosis of acute glaucoma

A

IOP >21 (rosh review)

gonioscopy (gold standard UTD)

41
Q

treatment of acute glaucoma

A

-acetazolamine
-pilocarpine
-laser iridotomy

42
Q

s/s of chronic glaucoma (open angle)

A

progressive peripheal vision loss

43
Q

treatment of chronic glaucoma

A

-prostaglandins
-topical beta blockers

44
Q

s/s of hordeolum

A

-stye

45
Q

treatment of hordeolum

A

warm compress

46
Q

s/s of hyphema

A

-pain
-photophobia
-blurred vision
-hemorrhage in the anterior chamber

47
Q

treatment of hyphema

A

-supine position with head elevated
-hard eye shield
-no NSAIDs or aspirin

48
Q

etiology of labyrinthitis

A

-viral or post inflammatory response

49
Q

s/s of labyrinthitis

A

-vertigo
-unilateral hearing impairment or tinnitus
-sway toward affected side
-nystagmus away from affected side

50
Q

treatment of labyrinthitis

A

steroids
methylprednisolone or prednisone

51
Q

s/s of laryngitis

A

Hoarseness

52
Q

treatment of laryngitis

A

-vocal rest
-hydration

53
Q

s/s of macular degeneration

A

-central vision loss
-wet: new vessels
-dry: retinal drusen

54
Q

treatment of macular degeneration

A

wet: antiVEGF

55
Q

etiology of meniere’s disease

A

excess fluid in the inner ear

56
Q

s/s of meniere’s diease

A

-episodic vertigo
-unilateral hearing impairment
-tinnitus

57
Q

diagnosis of meniere’s disease

A

clinical

58
Q

treatment of meniere’s disease

A

-lifestyle modifications
-diuretics

59
Q

s/s of otitis externa

A

-hearing loss
-itching
-pain with palpation of tragus and auricle
-swelling and redness

60
Q

treatment of otitis externa

A

-ciprodex drops

61
Q

s/s of otitis media

A

-pain
-redness
-bulging TM

61
Q

MCC of otitis media

A

S. pneumo

62
Q

treatment of otitis media

A

amoxicillin

63
Q

s/s of parotitis

A

-swelling of parotid gland
-pain
-pus from stensens duct

64
Q

treatment of parotitis

A

-IV nafcillin or 1st gen cephalosporin AND flagyl or clinda

65
Q

s/s of peritonsillar abscess

A

-hot potato voice
-sore throat
-drooling
-odynophagia
-neck swelling and pain
-contralateral deviation of uvula

66
Q

diagnosis of peritonsillar abscess

A

CT with IV contrast

67
Q

treatment of peritonsillar abscess

A

-needle aspiration
-IV antibiotics then switch to PO
PCN VK PLUS flagyl for 10 days
PCN allergy-clinda + flagyl
Toxic pts: IV Pip/taz

68
Q

s/s of strep pharyngitis

A

-sore throat
-tonsillar exudate
-odynophagia
-strawberry tongue

69
Q

diagnosis of strep pharyngitis

A

rapid strep

70
Q

treatment of strep pharyngitis

A

amoxicillin

71
Q

pterygium

A

fleshy encroachment that cover the cornia on the nasal side

72
Q

treatment of pterygium

A

-artificial tears
-NSAIDs

73
Q

s/s of retinal detachment

A

-curtain or veil
-monocular vision loss
-eye pain

74
Q

treatment for retinal detachment

A

surgery

75
Q

s/s of central retinal vein occlusion

A

-sudden, painless monocular vision loss
-blood and thunder fundus
-first noticed upon awakening

76
Q

treatment of CRVO

A

anti-VEGF

77
Q

s/s of sialadenitis

A

-erythema over area
-purulent material at duct

78
Q

diagnosis of sialadenitis

A

CT

79
Q

treatment for sialadenitis

A

-hydration, warm compress
-IV abx same as parotitis
-antistaphylococcal antibiotics such as dicloxacillin 500 mg four times a day or cephalexin 500 mg four times a day should be administered for 7 to 10 days

80
Q

treatment of TM rupture

A

-amoxicillin
-earplugs when in water

Family Med EOR (14 decks)

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