pulmonary pt. 1

Question 1

what is the membrane lining the chest wall?

Answer 1

parietal pleura

Question 2

what is the membrane lining the lung parenchyma

Answer 2

visceral pleura

Question 3

what decreases surface tension in alveoli and makes it easier to inflate

Answer 3

surfactant

Question 4

movement of air in and out of lungs

Answer 4

ventilation

Question 5

movement/flow of blood

Answer 5

perfusion

Question 6

movement of gasses across the pulmonary membrane

Answer 6

diffusion

Question 7

describe a normal VQ unit

Answer 7

normal ventilation (v)
normal perfusion (Q)
everything working correct

Question 8

describe a shunt unit (VQ)

Answer 8

perfusion > ventilation
blood passes alveolus without gas exchange

Question 9

examples of shunt unit

Answer 9

pneumonia, atelectasis, tumor, mucus plug

Question 10

describe a deadspace unit

Answer 10

ventilation > perfusion
does not participate in gas exchange

Question 11

examples of deadspace unit

Answer 11

PE
pulmonary infarction

Question 12

what is the oxygen dissolved in plasma called

Answer 12

PaO2

Question 13

what is oxygen bound to hemoglobin called?

Answer 13

SaO2

Question 14

s/sx of hypoxemia

Answer 14

tachypnea, dyspnea
use of accessory muscles
cool, pale, clamy
restless, agitation, irritability, confusion, dec. LOC
tachycardia, HTN, palpitations, CP, dysrhythmia

Question 15

which part of an ABG tells ventilation status?

Answer 15

PaCO2

Question 16

term for high CO2

Answer 16

hypercapnia

Question 17

s/sx of hypercapnia

Answer 17

same as hypoxemia
HA, drowsiness!, dec. LOC, blurred vision, confusion, seizures
flushed, clamy skin

Question 18

normal pH

Answer 18

7.35-7.45

Question 19

normal PaCO2 (acid)

Answer 19

35-45

Question 20

normal HCO3 (base)

Answer 20

22-26

Question 21

normal PaO2

Answer 21

80-100

Question 22

normal SaO2

Answer 22

93-99%

Question 23

which ABG value is the respiratory parameter

Answer 23

PaCO2

Question 24

which ABG value is the metabolic parameter

Answer 24

HCO3

Question 25

what shows partial compensation

Answer 25

when PaCO2 and HCO3 are opposite (one is base and one is acid), pH still abnormal

Question 26

when is an ABG fully compensated

Answer 26

when pH is in normal range

Question 27

what value of PaO2 shows hypoxemia

Answer 27

<80

Question 28

critical zone of PaO2

Answer 28

<60

Question 29

a PaO2 of 60 is = to a SaO2 of ?

Answer 29

90

Question 30

interpret pH 7.29 CO2 65 HCO3 24 PaO2 88 SaO2 86

Answer 30

resp acidosis no comp.

Question 31

interpret pH 7.32 CO2 60 HCO3 30 PaO2 78 SaO2 86

Answer 31

resp acidosis partial comp. w/ hypoxemia

Question 32

interpret pH 7.49 CO2 48 HCO3 38 PaO2 88 SaO2 86

Answer 32

met alk partial comp.

Question 33

interpret pH 7.43 CO2 54 HCO3 30 PaO2 82 SaO2 86

Answer 33

met alk fully comp

Question 34

interpret pH 7.25 CO2 56 HCO3 15 PaO2 66 SaO2 91

Answer 34

mixed acidosis w/ hypoxemia