pulmonary pt. 1 Flashcards
what is the membrane lining the chest wall?
parietal pleura
what is the membrane lining the lung parenchyma
visceral pleura
what decreases surface tension in alveoli and makes it easier to inflate
surfactant
movement of air in and out of lungs
ventilation
movement/flow of blood
perfusion
movement of gasses across the pulmonary membrane
diffusion
describe a normal VQ unit
normal ventilation (v)
normal perfusion (Q)
everything working correct
describe a shunt unit (VQ)
perfusion > ventilation
blood passes alveolus without gas exchange
examples of shunt unit
pneumonia, atelectasis, tumor, mucus plug
describe a deadspace unit
ventilation > perfusion
does not participate in gas exchange
examples of deadspace unit
PE
pulmonary infarction
what is the oxygen dissolved in plasma called
PaO2
what is oxygen bound to hemoglobin called?
SaO2
s/sx of hypoxemia
tachypnea, dyspnea
use of accessory muscles
cool, pale, clamy
restless, agitation, irritability, confusion, dec. LOC
tachycardia, HTN, palpitations, CP, dysrhythmia
which part of an ABG tells ventilation status?
PaCO2
term for high CO2
hypercapnia
s/sx of hypercapnia
same as hypoxemia
HA, drowsiness!, dec. LOC, blurred vision, confusion, seizures
flushed, clamy skin
normal pH
7.35-7.45
normal PaCO2 (acid)
35-45
normal HCO3 (base)
22-26
normal PaO2
80-100
normal SaO2
93-99%
which ABG value is the respiratory parameter
PaCO2
which ABG value is the metabolic parameter
HCO3
what shows partial compensation
when PaCO2 and HCO3 are opposite (one is base and one is acid), pH still abnormal
when is an ABG fully compensated
when pH is in normal range
what value of PaO2 shows hypoxemia
<80
critical zone of PaO2
<60
a PaO2 of 60 is = to a SaO2 of ?
90
interpret
pH 7.29
CO2 65
HCO3 24
PaO2 88
SaO2 86
resp acidosis no comp.
interpret
pH 7.32
CO2 60
HCO3 30
PaO2 78
SaO2 86
resp acidosis partial comp. w/ hypoxemia
interpret
pH 7.49
CO2 48
HCO3 38
PaO2 88
SaO2 86
met alk partial comp.
interpret
pH 7.43
CO2 54
HCO3 30
PaO2 82
SaO2 86
met alk fully comp
interpret
pH 7.25
CO2 56
HCO3 15
PaO2 66
SaO2 91
mixed acidosis w/ hypoxemia