cardiac disorders pt. 1 Flashcards
what 3 conditions fall under acute coronary syndromes?
-unstable angina
-NSTEMI
-STEMI
what are the 3 vascular disorders?
-aortic aneurysm
-aortic dissection
-peripheral arterial disease
what are the “pump, pool, and pipes”
pump = contractility
pool = blood vessels
pipes = blood&fluid
what do all of the acute coronary syndromes result from?
coronary artey disease (plaque in heart)
describe blood flow in unstable angine, nstemi, stemi
unstable angina has the most bloodflow, nstemi has less flow but not complete blockage, stemi has complete blockage
when do the coronary arteries fill?
during diastole
what 2 arteries does the left main coronary artery supply blood to?
circumflex coronary artery
left anterior descending coronary artery
what is “chest pain” or discomfort caused by decreased blood flow to the heart
-symptom of CAD
angina pectoris
what does angina result from?
oxygen supply-demand imbalance as a result of CAD
is angina always int he chest?
no
what kind of patients have atypical angina (not in chest)
women
age > 65
diabetics
does unstable angine require immediate treatment?
yes
what is a patient at risk for with unstable angina?
AMI
dysrhytmias
sudden cardiac death (SCD)
what is the “gold standard” cardiac diagnostic test?
12-lead EKG
what does an ST elevation indicate?
part of the heart is dying!
STEMI
what does ST depression or T wave inversion mean?
ischemia
what is the cardiac biomarker to diagnose AMI
troponin
when do yo ustop drawing troponins?
when you see a peak
which kind of troponin is the contractile protein not present in healthy individuals?
troponin I
which troponin is an isoenzyme released due to myocardial injury?
troponin T
which diagnostic test differentiates a NSTEMI from UA?
troponins
which is the most serious acute coronary syndrome and requires immediate intervention?
STEMI
