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CPR Exam 2 > Pulmonary Physiology Topics - Dr. Rogers > Flashcards

Pulmonary Physiology Topics - Dr. Rogers Flashcards

1
Q

inspiration P and V

A

V increases when P decreases by 1mmGH (when chest cavity opens)

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2
Q

Interpleural P

A

less then atmospheric P, (from -5 to -8)

-8 during end of inspiration

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3
Q

Alveolar P

A

= atmospheric pressure (0) at rest
during inspiration when chest cavity opens = decreases to -1
CAUSES AIR TO COME IN

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4
Q

Transpulmonary P

A

Palv - Ppl

at rest Ptp = 0 - (-5) = 5

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5
Q

alveolar P at the end of inspiration (most air inside)

alveolar P at the beginning of inspiration

A

0 for both

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6
Q

alveolar P in the middle of inspiration

alveolar P in the middle of expiration

A

-1

+1

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7
Q

Ppl at the end of inspiration

Ppl at the beginning of inspiration

A
  • 8

- 5

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8
Q

Ppl at the middle of inspiration

Ppl in the middle of expiration

A

-6.8 for both

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9
Q

air flow rate is the same as
air flow rate at the middle of expiration
air flow middle of inspiration

A

Alveolar P
+1
-1

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10
Q

air flow rate at the beginning of inspiration

air flow rate at the end of inspiration

A

0

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11
Q

Lung compliance and chest wall graph is what

A

the average of both lung compliance wanting to collapse and the chest wall wanting to spring outward
X : P getting more negative
Y : V getting more positive

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12
Q

FRC Lung compliance and chest wall graph

A

equilibrium V between lung and chest wall

= when chest wall is at 35% capacity and lung capacity is at 45%

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13
Q

Minute Ventilation

A 
how much air someone is getting every min
*NORMAL = 7000ml/min = 7L/min*
= Tidal Volume x f
f is RR
500ml/br x 14br/min = 7L/min
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14
Q 
EMPHYSEMA
RV
TLC
FVC
FEV1
FEV1/FVC
peak expiratory flow rate
A 
*obstructive 
increased
increased
decreased
decreased
decreased
decreased
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15
Q 
FIBROSIS
RV
TLC
FVC
FEV1
FEV1/FVC
peak expiratory flow rate
A 
Restricted
decreased
decreased
decreased some
same
same
decreased
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16
Q

dead space in emphysema

dead space is fibrosis

A

larger

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17
Q

finding anatomical dead space

A

1ml per lb of body weight

mine is 118mL of anatomical dead space

18
Q

alveolar DS

A

air in alveolus that is inside only doesn’t get blood

19
Q

Minute Alveolar Ventilation (Valv and V(dot)alv)

A 
amount of air that participates in gas exchange per min
Valv= TV-DS
= 550mL - 250mL = 300mL
V(dot)alv = Valv x f
= 300mL x 11br/min = 3.3L/min
20
Q

EMPYSEMA
compliance
elastic recoil

A

high

low

21
Q

FIBROSIS
compliance
elastic recoil

A

low

high

22
Q

chest wall and lung compliance graph is what kind of graph

A

sigmoid so that the middle part is the ideal range
small P change (negative P around lungs) leads to large volume change (volume in the lungs)
* COMPLIANCE = SLOP of line at the point on sigmoid graph

23
Q

at low lung volume

A

larger P change needs to happen to increase V of air into lungs (hard to stretch lungs)

24
Q

at volume around TLC

A

larger P needed to increase V of air into lungs

hard to stretch lungs

25
Q

inflating lungs with saline fluid causes what

A

increases compliance

26
Q

Hysteresis

A

the difference in inspiration (needing more P) and expiration (diffusive)
this happens due to LaPlace’s Law

27
Q

LaPlace’s Law

A

Surfactant reducing ST in the smallest alveoli more then the larger ones

28
Q

P to inflate lungs is fibrosis and in emphysema

A

fibrosis : more P

Emphysema : less P

29
Q

Fibrosis and obesity

compliance, RR, volume inhaled

A

lower, higher RR, lower V inhaled

30
Q

age and compliance

A

increases

31
Q

Emphysema and FRC

A

FRC shifts up the graph

equilibrium of chest wall and lungs are at an increased volume (lung needs less P)

32
Q

Fibrosis and FRC

A

FRC shifts downwards

equilibrium is at a lower volume (lung needs more P)

33
Q

Bronchodilator does what

A

B2 adrenergic, blocking parasympathetic

34
Q

air in the alveoli in emphysema

A

it doesn’t get access to blood for gas exchange

35
Q

what happens as a side effect of

A

interdependence = alveoli hold each other open against the lung wanting to collapse

36
Q

Elastic Forces during inspiration and expiration

A

work to overcome during breathing from elastic forces (to keep lungs uncollapsed)

37
Q

Loop on the graph

A

work to overcome for breathing from resistive forces (in inhale the air)
inhale needs p
exhale reduces P due to diffusion

38
Q

Work of breathing in restrictive

A

fibrosis
change in elastic work needed
= increases overall work
*more negative Ppl needed to inhale air in

39
Q

Work of breathing in obstructive

A

emphysema
change in resistive work both during inhalation and exhalation
= increase overall work
*higher Ppl needed to exhale air out of lung

40
Q

change in elastic work (increased) on RR

A

higher HR

41
Q

change in resistive work in airflow (increased) on RR

A

lower HR

CPR Exam 2 (22 decks)

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