Karius Acid Base In Class

Question 1

What is the acute respiratory A-B disrubance referring to

Answer 1

A change in CO2 changes HCO3 because the equation

CO2 +H2O ——> H2CO3 ——> HCO-3 + H+

Question 2

How does an A-B metabolic disturbance get fixed

Answer 2

The respiratory competition happens
HIGH H+ (acidosis) = increase ventilation to release more CO2
LOW H+ (alkalosis)= decrease ventilation to not release more CO2

Question 3

Which receptors are used for respiratory compensation

Answer 3

The peripheral chemoreceptors (responses to all ions, including H+) = Aortic and Carotid bodies

Question 4

How to know if the respiratory system is compensating (adequate) of any Metabolic acidosis A-B disturbance

Answer 4

PaCO2 = (1.5[HCO3] +8) +/- 2

RANGE

Question 5

How to know if the respiratory system is compensating of any Metabolic alkalosis A-B disturbance (not needed on test)

Answer 5

Change in PaCO2 = (0.5 to 1.0) x change in HCO3

Normally PaCO2 should be 43-46mmHg (increased due to alkalosis metabolic)**

Question 6

Respiratory compensation starts when

Answer 6

Way before chronic A-B condition

Also cant compensate for extreme conditions

Question 7

What can make a patient metabolically acidosis and not show up on blood test

Answer 7

Ketoacids, lactic acid = Which both use up HCO-3

things what don’t loose HCO-3 directly like V, D, X reabsorption in kidneys

Question 8

When you cant see metabolic acidosis on blood test what can you do to see this

Answer 8

Anion gap equation

Question 9

Anion gap equation

Answer 9

ANION GAP = [Na] - ([Cl] +[HCO-3])
** should be less then 12
(Drop in HCO-3)

Question 10

If anion gap is more then 12

EX of that

Answer 10

Other metabolic conditions in the body is making the metabolic acidosis a-b disturbance