Pulmonary

Question 1

Qvar

beclomethasone (inhalation)

Answer 1

Pharmacologic Category: inhaled corticosteroid
Common indication: asthma, COPD
Key side effects: oral candidiasis, hoarseness (dysphonia), sore throat
Other Notes: rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent Candida infection

Question 2

Pulmicort, Pulmicort Flexhaler

budesonide (inhalation)

Answer 2

Pharmacologic category: inhaled corticosteroid
Common indication: asthma, COPD
Key side effects: oral candidiasis, hoarseness (dysphonia), sore throat
Other Notes: rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent Candida infection

Question 3

Flovent HFA, Flovent Diskus

fluticasone propionate (inhalation)

Answer 3

Pharmacologic category: inhaled corticosteroid
Common indication: asthma, COPD
Key side effects: oral candidiasis, hoarseness (dysphonia), sore throat
Other Notes: rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent Candida infection

Question 4

Advair Diskus, Advair HFA

fluticasone and salmeterol (inhalation)

Answer 4

Pharmacologic category: inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and long-acting beta2 agonist (LABA)
Common indication: asthma, COPD
Key side effects: oral candidiasis, hoarseness (dysphonia), sore throat
Other Notes: rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent Candida infection

Question 5

Symbicort

budesonide and formoterol (inhalation)

Answer 5

Pharmacologic category: inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and long-acting beta2 agonist (LABA)
Common indication: asthma, COPD
Key side effects: oral candidiasis, hoarseness (dysphonia), sore throat
Other Notes: rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent Candida infection

Question 6

Dulera

mometasone and formoterol (inhalation)

Answer 6

Pharmacologic category: inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and long-acting beta2 agonist (LABA)
Common indication: asthma, COPD
Key side effects: oral candidiasis, hoarseness (dysphonia), sore throat
Other Notes: rinse mouth with water and spit to prevent Candida infection

Question 7

Singulair

montelukast (PO)

Answer 7

Pharmacologic category: leukotriene receptor antagonist
Common indication: allergic rhinitis, asthma
Key side effects: headache
US Boxed Warning: risk of serious neuropsychiatric effects (e.g., serious behavior and mood-related changes, including suicidal thoughts and actions)

Question 8

Spiriva

tiotropium (inhalation)

Answer 8

Pharmacologic category: long-acting anticholinergic
Common indication: asthma, COPD
Key side effects: xerostomia

Question 9

Chantix

varenicline (PO)

Answer 9

Pharmacologic category: partial nicotine agonist
Common indication: smoking cessation
Key side effects: nausea, vomiting, abnormal dreams, headache, insomnia, irritability

Question 10

Theo-24, Theocron

theophylline (PO)

Answer 10

Pharmacologic category: phosphodiesterase enzyme inhibitor
Common indication: asthma, COPD
Key side effects: tachycardia, headache, nausea, insomnia, tremor
Other Notes: narrow therapeutic index (toxicity may occur at concentrations close to therapeutic range; therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended); may cause seizures and cardiac arrhythmias at high concentrations

Question 11

Atrovent HFA

ipratropium (inhalation)

Answer 11

Pharmacologic category: short-acting anticholinergic
Common indication: COPD
Key side effects: xerostomia, nausea, dysgeusia

Question 12

Proventil, Ventolin, ProAir, VoSpire ER

albuterol (inhalation)

Answer 12

Pharmacologic category: short-acting beta2 agonist (SABA)
Common indication: asthma, COPD
Key side effects: tremor, tachycardia, nervousness, excitement

Question 13

Xopenex

levalbuterol (inhalation)

Answer 13

Pharmacologic category: short-acting beta2 agonist (SABA)
Common indication: asthma
Key side effects: tremor, tachycardia, nervousness, excitement

Question 14

Combivent

ipratropium and albuterol (inhalation)

Answer 14

Pharmacologic category: short-acting anticholinergic and short-acting beta2 agonist (SABA)
Common indication: asthma, COPD
Key side effects: xerostomia, nausea, dysgeusia, tremor, tachycardia, nervousness, excitement