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Drugs > Gastroenterology > Flashcards

Gastroenterology Flashcards

1
Q

Asacol, Canasa, Lialda

mesalamine (PO, rectal)

A

Pharmacologic category: 5-aminosalicylic acid derivative
Common indication: Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis
Key side effects: eructation, abdominal pain, constipation

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2
Q

Bentyl

dicyclomine (PO)

A

Pharmacologic category: anticholinergic
Common indication: IBS
Key side effects: constipation, xerostomia, blurred vision, dizziness

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3
Q

Anaspaz, Levbid

Hyoscyamine (PO)

A

Pharmacologic category: anticholinergic
Common indication: diarrhea
Key side effects: constipation, xerostomia, blurred vision, dizziness

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4
Q

Amitiza

lubiprostone (PO)

A

Pharmacologic category: chloride channel activator
Common indication: IBS with constipation, chronic constipation
Key side effects: nausea, diarrhea, headache, dyspnea
Other Notes: CI in known or suspected mechanical bowel obstruction

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5
Q

DexPak, DoubleDex

dexamethasone (PO, IV)

A

Pharmacologic category: corticosteroid
Common indication: inflammatory diseases, cerebral edema
Key side effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, behavioral disturbances, osteoporosis (chronic use), Cushing’s syndrome (chronic use)
Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use

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6
Q

Medrol

methylprednisolone (PO)

A

Pharmacologic category: corticosteroid
Common indication: inflammatory diseases, COPD exacerbation, asthma exacerbation, acute gout
Key side effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, behavioral disturbances, osteoporosis (chronic use) Cushing’s syndrome (chronic use)
Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use

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7
Q

Orapred

prednisolone (PO)

A

Pharmacologic category: corticosteroid
Common indication: inflammatory diseases, COPD exacerbation, asthma exacerbation, acute gout
Key side effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, behavioral disturbances, osteoporosis (chronic use), Cushing’s syndrome (chronic use)
Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use

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8
Q

Deltasone

prednisone (PO)

A

Pharmacologic category: corticosteroid
Common indication: inflammatory diseases, COPD exacerbation, asthma exacerbation, acute gout
Key side effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, behavioral disturbances, osteoporosis (chronic use), Cushing’s syndrome (chronic use)
Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use

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9
Q

Rectal: Anusol-HC, Anucort-HC; IV: Solu-Cortef

hydrocortisone (rectal, IV)

A

Pharmacologic category: corticosteroid
Common indication: hemorrhoids
Key side effects: hyperglycemia, increased appetite with weight gain, behavioral disturbances, osteoporosis (chronic use), Cushing’s syndrome (chronic use)
Other Notes: risk of adrenal suppression with prolonged use

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10
Q

Reglan

metoclopramide (PO, IV)

A

Pharmacologic category: dopamine (D2) antagonist
Common indication: gastroparesis, GERD, nausea, vomiting
Key side effects: drowsiness, dystonia, akathisia, EPS, QTc prolongation
US Boxed Warnings: may cause tardive dyskinesia

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11
Q

Compazine

prochlorperazine (PO, IV)

A

Pharmacologic category: dopamine (D2) antagonist
Common indication: nausea, vomiting
key side effects: drowsiness, dizziness, xerostomia, blurred vision, constipation, QTc prolongation
US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of death in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis
Other Notes: do not administer IV push

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12
Q

Phenergan

promethazine (PO, IM, IV)

A

Pharmacologic category: histamine (H1) blocker
Common indication: motion sickness, nausea, vomiting
Key side effects: drowsiness, dry mouth, blurred vision, QTc prolongation
US Boxed Warnings: potential for fatal respiratory depression in patients < 2 years old; injection can cause peripheral extravasation (preferred parenteral route is IM)
Other Notes: ISMP-high alert medication

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13
Q

Enulose, Kristalose, Contulose

lactulose (PO)

A

Pharmacologic category: laxative
Common indication: constipation, hepatic encephalopathy
Key side effects: abdominal cramps, abdominal distention, diarrhea, flatulence

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14
Q

Zofran, Zofran ODT

ondansetron (PO, IV)

A

Pharmacologic category: selective serotonin (5-HT3) antagonist
Common indication: nausea, vomiting
Key side effects: headache, fatigue, constipation, diarrhea, QTc prolongation

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15
Q

Lomotil

diphenoxylate and atropine (PO)

A

Pharmacologic category: opioid agonist and anticholinergic
Common indication: diarrhea
Key side effects: nausea, drowsiness, dizziness, xerostomia, tachycardia, urinary retention
Other Notes: addition of atropine to diphenoxylate may discourage diphenoxylate abuse

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16
Q

Zantac

ranitidine (PO, IV)

A

Pharmacologic category: histamine (H2) blocker
Common indication: GERD, erosive esophagitis, SUP
Key side effects: headache, constipation, diarrhea, mental status changes

17
Q

Pepcid

famotidine (PO, IV)

A

Pharmacologic category: histamine (H2) blocker
Common indication: GERD, erosive esophagitis, SUP
Key side effects: headache, constipation, diarrhea, mental status changes

18
Q

Dexilant

dexlansoprazole (PO)

A

Pharmacologic category: proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
Common indication: GERD, PUD, erosive esophagitis, SUP
Key side effects: abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, bone fracture, vitamin B12 deficiency, hypomagnesemia
US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of Clostridium difficile infection

19
Q

Nexium

esomeprazole (PO, IV)

A

Pharmacologic category: proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
Common indication: GERD, PUD, erosive esophagitis, SUP
Key side effects: abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, bone fracture, vitamin B12 deficiency, hypomagnesemia
US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of Clostridium difficile infection

20
Q

Prevacid

lansoprazole (PO)

A

Pharmacologic category: proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
Common indication: GERD, PUD, erosive esophagitis, SUP
Key side effects: abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, bone fracture, vitamin B12 deficiency, hypomagnesemia
US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of Clostridium difficile infection

21
Q

Prilosec

omeprazole (PO)

A

Pharmacologic category: proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
Common indication: GERD, PUD, erosive esophagitis, SUP
Key side effects: abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, bone fracture, vitamin B12 deficiency, hypomagnesemia
US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of Clostridium difficile infection

22
Q

Protonix

pantoprazole (PO)

A

Pharmacologic category: proton pump inhibitor (PPI)
Common indication: GERD, PUD, erosive esophagitis, SUP
Key side effects: abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, bone fracture, vitamin B12 deficiency, hypomagnesemia
US Boxed Warnings: increased risk of Clostridium difficile infection

23
Q

Carafate

sucralfate (PO)

A

Pharmacologic category: gastrointestinal protectant
Common indication: PUD
Key side effects: constipation, bezoar formation

24
Q

Sandostatin

octreotide (IV)

A

Pharmacologic category: somatostatin analogue
Common indication: esophageal varices bleeding
key side effects: diarrhea, abdominal pain, hyperglycemia

Drugs (11 decks)

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