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Italian Wine Scholar: Central & Southern Italy > Puglia: Appellations > Flashcards

Puglia: Appellations Flashcards

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1
Q

How many DOC/Gs are there in Puglia?

A
  • 4 DOCGs
  • 28 DOCs

The number of appellations is extensive despite the small propotion of wine produced under DOC/G.
Some of the minor DOCs are either seldom used or rarely seen outside the region.

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2
Q

What are the 3 main geographic groups that the appellations of Puglia are sub-divided into?

A
  • Northern Puglia
  • Central Puglia
  • Southern Puglia
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3
Q

What is the only regional DOC of Puglia?

A

Aleatico di Puglia DOC

It is solely devoted to the production of sweet, unfortified and fortified (liquoroso) dessert wines based on the red, aromatic Aleatico.

The wines can be released as riserva after a min. of 3 years of ageing. The label must carry the designation dolce naturale or liquoroso dolco naturale. Production is very small.

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4
Q

Name the appellations of Northern Puglia.

A
  • Cacc’e mmitte di Lucera DOC
  • San Severo DOC

Minor:
* Rosso di Cerignola DOC
* Tavoliere delle Puglie (Tavoliere) DOC
* Orta Nova DOC

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5
Q

What is unusual about the wines of Cacc’e mmitte di Lucera DOC?

A

This historic red wine appellation produces wines from by blending red and white grape varieties.

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6
Q

What grapes are used to produce wines from Cacc’e mmitte di Lucera DOC?

A

Based on Nero di Troia with smaller additions of other red grapes such as Montepulciano.
Wines must be made with:
* 15-30% white grapes (most commonly Bombino Bianco)

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7
Q

What is Puglia’s oldest DOC?

A

San Severo DOC; it is also the northernmost appellation in the region.
It is one of the most productive winegrowing areas of the northern area and includes a wide range of wines.

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8
Q

What grapes are used to produce wines from San Severo DOC?

A

White wines are largely crafted from:
* Bombino Bianco
* Trebbiano

Red wines are based on:
* Montepulciano

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9
Q

What styles of wine are produced in San Severo DOC?

A
  • frizzante
  • spumante
  • bianco
  • rosato
  • rosso
  • rosso riserva
  • novello
  • varietal
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10
Q

What grapes are used to produce wines from Rossi di Cerignola DOC?

A

The focus is on Nero di Troia/Negro Amaro-based blends.

Production is small

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11
Q

What styles of wine are produced in Rossi di Cerignola DOC?

A
  • rosso
  • rosso riserva
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12
Q

What area does Tavoliere dell Puglie DOC cover?

A

This geographically large appellation comprises much of the Tavoliere plain.

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13
Q

What grapes are used to produce wines from Tavoliere dell Puglie DOC?

A

Wines are based on Nero di Troia.

Production is small.

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14
Q

What styles of wine are produced under Tavoliere delle Puglie DOC?

A
  • rosso
  • rosso riserva
  • varietal
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15
Q

What grapes are used to produce wines from Orta Nova DOC?

A

Red wines based on Sangiovese.

Production is small.

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16
Q

What styles of wine are produced under Orta Nova DOC?

A
  • rosato
  • rosso
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17
Q

Name the appellations of Central Puglia.

A
  • Castel del Monte DOC
  • Castel del Monte Rosso Riserva DOCG
  • Castel del Monte Nero di Troia Riserva DOCG
  • Castel del Monte Bombino Nero DOCG
  • Gioia del Colle DOC
  • Moscato di Trani DOC
  • Locorotondo DOC
  • Marina Franc (Martina) DOC

Minor appellations:
* Barletta DOC
* Gravina DOC
* Colline Joniche Tarantine DOC
* Ostuni DOC

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18
Q

Where are the appellations of Central Puglia located?

A

They are situated on the Murge limestone plateau.

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19
Q

Where does the Castel del Monte appellation get its name from?

A

The winegrowing area is named for a famous octagonal, hill-top medieval castle.

This striking and mysterious fortress, built during the 13th century at the behest of Emperor Frederick II, is listed among the UNESCO World Heritage Sites and is an iconic symbol for the wine of this area.

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20
Q

Where is Castel del Monte located?

A

The winegrowing district lies inland on the western portion of the Murge plateau.
It is a large area with variable elevations ranging from 600-1,500ft/180-450m.

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21
Q

What types of soils are found in Castel del Monte?

A

They are shallow and stony and high in clay content. They sit atop limestone bedrock.

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22
Q

How many appellations are there in the winegrowing area of Castel del Monte?

A

4

  1. Castel del Monte DOC
  2. Castel del Monte Rosso Riserva DOCG
  3. Castel del Monte Nero di Troia Riserva DOCG
  4. Castel del Monte Bombino Nero DOCG
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23
Q

How many UGAs are there in Castel del Monte DOC?

A

33; any of the 4 appellations have the right to append the name of one of these UGAs on their labels.

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24
Q

How much area does Castel del Monte DOC cover?

A

A slightly larger area then the DOCGs.

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25
Q

What grapes are used to produce wines under Castel del Monte DOC?

A

Rosso from:
* Nero di Troia (usually dominant)
* Aglianico
* Montepulciano
Note: Rosso can be crafted from 100% of any of the 3 authorized varieties.

Rosato from:
* Bombino Nero
* Nero di Troia
* Aglianico
Note: can be blended or 100% of any of the 3 authorized varieties.

White wines with:
* Bombino Bianco
* Chardonnay
* Pampanuto

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26
Q

What styles of wine are produced under Castel del Monte DOC?

A
  • bianco
  • frizzante
  • spumante
  • riserva
  • rosato
  • rosso
  • novello
  • varietal
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27
Q

What grapes are used to produce wines from Castel del Monte Rosso Riserva DOCG?

A

Rosso blend:
* min. 65% Nero di Troia
* Montepulciano
* Aglianico

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28
Q

What are the requirements of wines from Castel del Monte Rosso Riserva DOCG?

A
  • min. 2 years aging
  • min. 1 year in wood
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29
Q

What are the characteristics of wines from Castel del Monte Rosso Riserva DOCG?

A
  • Structured
  • full-bodied
  • firm tannins
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30
Q

What are the grape and age requirements for wines from Castel del Monte Nero di Troia Riserva DOCG?

A
  • min. 90% Nero di Troia
  • min. 2 years aging
  • min. 1 year in wood
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31
Q

What are the characteristics of wines from Castel del Monte Nero di Troia Riserva DOCG?

A

These wines show:
* elegance
* refined, dense tannins

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32
Q

What is distinctive about Castel del Monte Bombino Nero DOCG?

A

It is one of the first (and rare) DOCGs dedicated to the rosato category.

33
Q

What are the grape requirements of Castel del Monte Bombino Nero DOCG?

A

min. 90% Bombino Nero

34
Q

What are the characteristics of wines from Castel del Monte Bombino Nero DOCG?

A

These rosatos are delicate, fragrant and light-bodied with bright acidity.

35
Q

Which appellation is historically considered the epicenter from which Primitivo spread throughout Puglia?

A

Gioia del Colle DOC

36
Q

What is the elevation at which vineyards are planted in Gioia del Colle DOC?

A

650-1,500ft/200-450m

37
Q

What types of soils are found in Gioia del Colle DOC?

A

Shallow, calcareous, iron-rich clays, red in colour, resting atop a limestone sub-soil.

38
Q

What is the principle wine of Gioia del Colle DOC?

A

Gioia del Colle Primitivo

This must be made entirely from the Primitivo grape.

39
Q

What are the requirements of Gioia del Colle Primitivo Riserva?

A
  • min. 14% abv
  • min. 2 years aging
40
Q

How do the Primitivos of Gioia del Colle DOC compare to those of Manduria?

A

The vineyards of Gioia del Colle DOC are at a higher elevation and are cooler with more significant diurnal temperature swings.

So, Manduria’s Primitivo wine tends to be richer and fuller.
While, Gioia del Colle DOC tends to possess more elegance.

41
Q

What styles of wine are produced in Gioia del Colle DOC?

A
  • bianco
  • rosato
  • rosso
  • Primitivo amabile
  • Aleatico dolce
  • Aleatico liquoroso dolce
  • varietal Primitivo
42
Q

What grapes and styles of wine are produced in Moscato di Trani DOC?

A

Sweet wines made from Moscato Bianco.

Styles:
* dolce naturale
* liquoroso

43
Q

What grapes and styles of wine are produced in Locorotondo DOC?

A

Bianco based on:
* Verdeca
* Bianco d’Alessano
Note: these grapes are also used to produce varietal wines.

Other styles:
* spumante
* superiore
* riserva
* passito
* varietal

44
Q

What grapes and styles of wine are produced in Martina Franca (Martina) DOC?

A

Only bianco based on:
* Verdeca
* Bianco d’Alessano

Note: produced in spumante as well.

45
Q

What are Trulli?

A

These are small, round, white houses with conical rooves. They were traditionally built as shelters or permanent homes for farmers. In rural areas, they are often surrounded by olives and small vineyards delimited by low, dry-stone walls.
The southern part of the Murge plateau is famously characterized by these structures.
The town of Alberobello is considered the “capital of the trulli” as it boasts the largest concentration of them and is listed among the UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
(Trulli: plural, Trullo: singular)

46
Q

What grapes and styles of wine are produced in Barletta DOC?

A

White wines based on:
* Malvasia Bianca

Reds based on:
* Nero di Troia

Wine styles:
* frizzante
* bianco
* rosato
* rosso
* riserva
* novello
* varietal

47
Q

What grapes and styles of wine are produced in Gravina DOC?

A

Bianco based on:
* Greco
* Malvasia Bianca

Rossos & rosatos from:
* Montepulciano
* Primitivo

Wine styles:
* bianco
* rosato
* rosso
* passito

48
Q

What grapes and styles of wine are produced in Colline Joniche Tarantine DOC?

A

Bianco:
* Chardonnay

Varietal:
* Verdeca (white)
* Primitivo (red)

Rosso:
* Cabernet Sauvignon

Other wine styles:
* spumante
* rosato
* superiore
* novello
* liquoroso
* varietal

49
Q

What grapes are used to produce wines in Ostuni DOC?

A

Bianco:
* Impigno (obscure)
* Francavilla (obscure)

Varietal:
* Ottavianello (Cinsaut)

50
Q

Name the appellations of Southern Puglia.

A
  • Primitivo di Manduria DOC
  • Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Naturale DOCG
  • Lizzano DOC
  • Salice Salentino DOC
  • Copertino DOC
  • Squinzano DOC
  • Brindisi DOC

Minor appellations:
* Nardo DOC
* Matino DOC
* Alezio DOC
* Leverano DOC
* Galatina DOC
* Terra d’Otranto DOC
* Negroamaro di Terra d’Otranto DOC

51
Q

Where is Southern Puglia located?

A

This area corresponds to the Salento Peninsula (the heel), a large spit of land sandwiched between the Adriatic Sea and the Ionian Sea.

52
Q

Describe to landscape in Southern Puglia.

A

This area is mostly flat or gently undulating and is peppered with rugged karst topography.

53
Q

Which is considered Puglia’s most important appellation for the production of varietal Primitivo?

A

Primitivo di Manduria DOC

This appellation competes with Salice Salentino DOC to be Puglia’s largest and most productive producer.

54
Q

What types of soil are found in Primitivo di Manduria DOC?

A

Iron-rich soils, reddish in colour and composed of sands and clays atop a limestone sub-soil.

55
Q

What vine training method is used in Primitivo di Manduria DOC?

A

Predominantly alberello; some are very old.

56
Q

What are the requirements of wines from Primitivo di Manduria DOC?

A
  • min. 85% Primitivo
  • min. 13.5% abv

Riserva:
* min. 14% abv
* min. 2 years aging
* min. 9 months in wood

57
Q

What are the characteristics of wines from Primitivo di Manduria DOC?

A

The palate is rich with velvet tannins, full-bodied and very high in alcohol.

This is Puglia’s most powerful expression of Primitivo.

58
Q

Which appellation in Puglia was the first to receive DOCG status?

A

Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Naturale DOCG

59
Q

What kind of wine is produced under Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Naturale DOCG?

A

Sweet wines made from Primitivo.

60
Q

How are wines from Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Naturale DOCG produced?

A

Grapes are allowed to over-ripen on the vines or can go through appassimento after harvest.
The wines must contain at least 5% or 50g/l of residual sugar.

61
Q

What are the grape requirements for Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Naturale DOCG?

A

100% Primitivo

62
Q

What are the characteristics of wines from Primitivo di Manduria Dolce Naturale DOCG?

A

Concentrated and viscous sweet wines with aromas of dried fruit, black berry jam and plum liqueur combined with aromatic herbs.

63
Q

What grapes and styles of wine are produced in Lizzano DOC?

A

Red wines based on Negro Amaro.
White wines based on Trebbiano Toscano

Wine styles:
* frizzante
* spumante
* bianco
* rosato
* rosso
* novello
* varietal

64
Q

Which appellation is considered the principal DOC for the production of Negro Amaro wines?

A

Salice Salentino DOC

It is one of the best-known appellations on the Salento Peninsula and has the most densely planted and productive DOCs of the region.

65
Q

What soil types are found in Salice Salentino DOC?

A

Deep and calcareous and mostly composed of sand and clay of marine origin.

66
Q

What vine training method is used in Salice Salentino DOC?

A

Vineyards are planted on flat or slightly undulating land using alberello or vertical training systems such as Guyot and Cordone Speronato.

67
Q

What is the principal and most well-known wine of Salice Salentino DOC?

A

Salice Salentino Rosso

68
Q

What are the grape and ageing requirements for Salice Salentino Rosso wines?

A
  • min. 75% Negro Amaro
  • often blended with a small proportion of Malvasia Nera di Brindisi/Lecce
    Note: although some producers use 100% Negro Amaro.

Rosso Riserva:
* min. 2 years ageing
* min. 6 months in wood

69
Q

What are the characteristics of Salice Salentino Rosso?

A

The wines range from soft, fruity and medium-bodied to fuller, richer and more structured examples, particularly in the riserva category.

70
Q

What styles of wine are produced under Salice Salentino DOC?

A
  • spumante
  • bianco
  • rosato
  • rosso
  • rosso riserva
  • Aleatico dolce
  • Aleatico liquoroso dolce
  • varietal
71
Q

Where is Copertino DOC located?

A

This appellation borders the Salice Salento DOC to the southeast.

72
Q

What grapes are used to produce wines in Copertino DOC?

A

The DOC is known for sturdy red wines based on Negro Amaro.

73
Q

What styles of wine are produced in Copertino DOC?

A
  • rosato
  • rosso
  • riserva
74
Q

What grapes and style of wine are produced in Squinzano DOC?

A

Primarily red and rosato wines from Negro Amaro.

Wine styles:
* spumante
* bianco
* rosato
* rosso
* riserva
* novello
* varietal

75
Q

What grapes and styles of wine are produced in Brindisi DOC?

A

Negro Amaro is the principal variety, but several other grapes are grown to produce a wide range of wines.

Styles:
* spumante
* bianco
* rosato
* rosso
* riserva
* novello
* varietal

76
Q

What grapes and styles do Nardo DOC, Matino DOC and Alezio DOC focus on?

A

Negro Amaro in rosso and rosato styles.

77
Q

What grapes and styles can you expect see from Leverano DOC and Galatina DOC?

A

Red and rosato wines based on Negro Amaro.

78
Q

Name the 2 large inter-provincial appellations of Puglia.

A
  • Terra d’Otranto DOC
  • Negroamaro di Terra d’Otranto DOC

Both were introduced in 2011, but are seldom used.

79
Q

Name the IGTs of Puglia.

A
  • Puglia IGT: covers the entire region of Puglia
  • Salento IGT: covers the Salento Peninsula

Both are among the most popular Italian IGTs and both are particularly associated with Primitivo and Negro Amaro.

Italian Wine Scholar: Central & Southern Italy (29 decks)

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