Public Health 1 and 2- Managing CV risk factors and public health interventions in CV disease Flashcards
What are the 3 types of prevention of disease?
PrimarysecondaryTertiary
Primary prevention?
Prevention of disease before it occurs
Secondary prevention?
Reduce the impact of a disease once it has occurred e.g. catching it early
Tertiary prevention?
Arresting the progress of a disease once it has developed and lessening the impact of its negative consequences
AAA risk factors?
SmokingAgeBeing maleFamily history of AAAHypertensionAtherosclerosisHyperlipidaemiaBeing caucasian
What is the current NHS screening for AAA?
US for men in the year they turn 65
How do we communicate the different levels of risk?
Very common = a person in a familyCommon = a person in a streetUncommon = a person in a villageRare = a person in a small townVery rare = a person in a large town
What are examples of CVD?
StrokeCHDHypertensionDiseases of arteries e.g. atherosclerosisDiseases of veins e.g. deep vein thrombosisHeart valve diseases e.g. rheumatic heart diseaseDiseases of lymph vessels and capillaries e.g. lymphoedema
Modifiable risk factors for CV disease? (9)
SmokingDyslipidaemiaRaised blood pressureDiabetes mellitusObesityDietary factorsThrombogenic factorsLack of exerciseExcess alcohol intake
Non-modifiable risk factors for CV disease? (5)
Personal history of CVDFamily history of CVDAgeGenderDeprivation?
What are the risk factors looked at in the ASSIGN score (the ones we care about in Scotland)? (8)
AgeGenderPostcodeFamily history of CVDDiabetesSmokingBlood pressureCholesterol
What does “high risk” mean?
20% chance of event in 10 years
Where does a lot of the evidence for CHD risk factors come from?
Farmingham study
Why does the Farmingham study underestimate the risk of CHD in high risk groups in the UK?
No deprivation scoreNo family history score
What are the 6 levels of evidence from the lowest to the best?
Editorials, expert opinionCase series, case reportsCase-control studiesCohort studiesRandomised controlled trialsSystematic reviews
