GP 1 - Nutrition Workshop Flashcards
What is the current exercise recommendations for healthy adults?
30 minutes of moderate exercise on at least 5 days of the week (doesn’t need to come in one session - can be split into smaller sessions)
How many portions of starchy foods (bread, rice, potatoes, pasta, etc.) should you eat a day?
Between 5-8 portions
How many portions of meat, fish, eggs, beans and other non-dairy sources of proteins e.g. pulses, lentils, etc. should you eat a day?
2-3 portions
How many portions of milk and dairy products should you eat a day?
2-3 portions
What type of diet reduces CV events by approx. 30%
Mediterranean diet
How does statins impact on cholesterol in comparison to diet?
They have an additive effect meaning they should be combined with a cardio-protective diet
Which type of cholesterol are good and bad?
HDL = goodLDL = bad
What should saturated fatty acids (SFAs) be replaced with?
Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs)Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs)
How many portions of fish should be eaten a week
2 (including 1 portion of oil fish)
How many portions of unsalted nuts, seeds and legumes should be eaten a week?
4-5 portions
What is the exercise recommendations for patients post-MI?
Build up to 20-30 mins / day to the point of slight breathlessness until you are able to do 30 mins of moderate intensity exercise 5 days a week
What do plant sterols and stanols do?What does the typical diet contain?How much is required to have an effect?
Lower LDL cholesterol levels by 15%approx. 200-400mg pant sterols and 50mg plant stanols2g is needed to lower cholesterol(lowers cholesterol levels but effect on CVD events unknown and they are therefore not routinely recommended for primary or secondary prevention
What are the 3 dietary assessment tools?
Food diaryFood frequency questionnaire24 hur recall (useful for clinical practice)
What are the main nutrients in fruit and vegetables? (4)
FibreVitamin CCaroteneFolate
What are the main nutrients in fruit and vegetables?
FibreVitamin CCaroteneFolate