Anatomy 3 - Anatomy of the Mediastinum Flashcards
Where is the anterior mediastinum located?
Between the sternum and the fibrous pericardium
What is located within the anterior mediastinum of children?
What is the purpose of this?
What happens after puberty?
The thymus
A gland/ lymphoid organ that produces T Lymphocytes in childhood
It involutes and becomes replaced by adipose tissue
What clinical conditions can affect the thymus gland? (3)
Thymoma
Thymic carcinoma
Lymphoma
What is located within the middle mediastinum?
The pericardium
Heart
Parts of the great vessels that connect with the heart
Where does the azygous vein drain blood to?
From the intercostal veins to the SVC
What nerves can be seen on the posterior mediastinum?
Vagus nerves
Sympathetic chains/ trunks
What level is the dividing point between the inferior and superior mediastinum?
Sternal angle
What part of the mediastinum is the trachea located in?
The superior mediastinum
What part of the aorta lies in the posterior mediastinum?
The thoracic aorta
How do the vagal trunks pass through the diaphragm?
With the oesophagus onto the stomach
On what side of the vertebrae does the azygous vein run?
Right anterior surface
Where does the azygous vein arch to drain into the lung root?
Superior to the lung root
What does the right lymphatic duct drain?
into the right venous angle
Where does the thoracic duct drain?
Into the left venous angle
What lymph nodes surround the main bronchus at the lung root?
The bronchopulmonary lymph nodes (hilar lymph nodes)
What lymph nodes surround the bifurcation of the trachea?
The trachea-bronchial lymph nodes
What pulmonary lymph nodes does the lymph drain first to?
The broncho-pulmonary lymph nodes and then to the trachea-bronchial lymph nodes
Lymph will then drain bac tot he right lymphatic duct or thoracic duct