PTSD (WK6) Flashcards
WHAT IS THE DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR PTSD?
A)EXPOSURE TO THREATED DEATH, INJURY OR VIOLENCE. BY DIRECT EXPERIENCE OR OBSERVATION.
B)PRESENCE ON 1 OR MORE INTRUSIVE SYMPTOMS ASSOICATES WITH THE TRAUMATIC EVENT
C)PRESISTENT AVOIDANCE OF REMINDERS
D)AT LEAST 2 CHANGES IN MOOD OR THOUGHT PROCESSES
E)DISPLAYS AT LEAST 2 OR MORE OF THE ASSOICATED SYMPTOMS
F)SYMPTOMS BEGAN OR WORSENED AFTER THE EVENT AND CONTINUED FOR AT LEAST 1 MONTH
WHAT ARE THE ASSOCIATED DIAGNOSTIC SYMPTOMS FOR PTSD?
*RECKLESSNESS
*IRRITABILITY
*AGGRESSION
*HYPERVIGILANCE
*CONCENTRATING TROUBLE
*SLEEPING TROUBLES
*EXAGGERATED STARTLE RESPONSE
WHAT IS THE DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR ACUTE STRESS DISORDER?
A)EXPOSURE TO THREATED DEATH, INJURY OR VIOLENCE. BY DIRECT EXPERIENCE OR OBSERVATION.
B)PRESENCE OF AT LEAST 9 OF THE ASSOCIATED SYMPTOMS
C)SYMPTOMS BEGIN 3 DAYS TO 1 MONTH AFTER TRAUMA
D)SYMPTOMS CANNOT BE EXPLAINED BY OTHER DISORDERS
E)CAUSE SLINICALLY SIGNIFICANT DISTRESS
WHAT ARE THE ASSOCIATED DIAGNOSTIC SYMPTOMS FOR ACUTE STRESS DISORDER?
*RECURRENT MEMORIES
*REPEATED DISTRESSING DREAMS
*FEELING THE EVENT IS BEING RELIVED
*DETACHMENT FROM OTHERS
*ALTERED PERSPECTIVE
*TROUBLE REMEMBERING THE EVENT
*AVOIDANCE OF REMINDERS
*HYPERVIGILANCE
*SLEEP TROUBLES
*IRRITABILITY
WHAT ARE THE 4 BROAD TYPES OF PTSD SYMPTOMS?
*INTRUSIVE / RE-EXPERIENCE SYMPTOMS
*AVOIDANCE OF TRIGGERS
*HYPERAROUSAL
*NEGATIVE THOUGHTS AND FEELINGS
WHAT ARE SOME PTSD INTRUSIVE / RE-EXPERIENCE SYMPTOMS?
*VIVID MEMORIES
*FLASHBACKS
*NIGHTMARES
WHAT ARE SOME PTSD HYPERAROUSAL SYMPTOMS?
*HYPERVIGILANCE
*SLEEPING TROUBLES
*DIFFICULTY CONCENTRATING
*IRRITABILITY
*IMPULSIVITY
*RECKLESSNESS
WHAT IS THE AVERAGE PERCENTAGE OF PEOPLE WHO ARE EXPOSED TO TRAUMA AT SOME POINT IN THEIR LIVES?
70.4%
WHICH GENDER IS MORE LIKELY TO EXPERIENCE PTSD?
WOMEN
WHAT TYPE OF TRAUMA ARE FEMALES MORE LIKELY TO EXPERIENCE?
INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE
WHAT TYPE OF TRAUMA ARE MALES MORE LIKELY TO EXPERIENCE?
ACCIDENTS AND PHYSICAL VIOLENCE.
WHAT IS THE APPROXIMATE GENETIC HERITABILITY PERCENTAGE OF PTSD?
30%
WHAT ARE SOME PERSONAL BIOLOGICAL VULNERABILITY FACTORS IN PTSD?
*FAMILY HISTORY
*SMALL OR UNDERDEVELOP HIPPOCAMPUS
*FAILURE TO DAMPEN ACTIVATION OF AMYGDALA
*AGE
*TEMPERAMENT
WHAT ARE SOME PERSONAL SOCIAL VULNERABILITY FACTORS IN PTSD?
*FAMILIAL INSTABILITY
*CHILDHOOD ACES
*PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT AFTER TRAUMA
WHAT ARE SOME PERSONAL SOCIOCULTURAL VULNERABILITY FACTORS IN PTSD?
*LOWER SES
*UNEMPLOYMENT
*COMMUNICATION DIFFICULTIES
WHAT ARE SOME PERSONAL PSYCHOLOGICAL VULNERABILITY FACTORS IN PTSD?
*AVOIDANT COPING STYLE
*RUMINATION
*PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
*FEAR OF EMOTIONS
*DISSOCIATION AFTER THE TRAUMA
*PERSONALISING RESPONSIBILITY
WHAT ATTACHMENT STYLE INCREASES VULNERABILITY TO PTSD?
ANXIOUS ATTACHMENT STYLE
WHAT DOES THE PSYCHODYNAMIC MODEL ARGUE ABOUT PTSD?
TRAUMA TRIGGERS ID RESPONSES. THE INTENSITY OF THE ANXIETY THREATENS TO OVERWHELM THE EGO THUS DEFENSE MECHANISMS ARE USED, WHICH INHIBITS THE PROCESSING OF THE EVENT.
WHAT DEFENCE MECHANISMS ARE USED IN PTSD ACCORDING TO FREUD?
*DISSOCIATION
*REPRESSION
*INTROJECTION
WHAT DOES CLASSICAL CONDITIONING ARGUE ABOUT PTSD?
STIMULI PRESENTED AT THE TIME OF THE TRAUMA ARE CONDITIONED TO ELICIT FEAR. LATER AVOIDANCE OF STIMULI PREVENTS RE-CONDITIONING.
WHAT DOES DUAL-REPRESENTATION THEORY ARGUE ABOUT PTSD?
*NORMAL MEMORY IS STORED IN THE HIPPOCAMPUS. THEY ARE COHERENT AND CONSCIOUSLY ACCESSED.
*TRAUMA MEMORIES ARE STORED IN THE AMYGDALA AND ARE NOT CONSCIOUSLY ACCESSED. THEY ARE FRAGMENTED.
WHAT DOES THE COGNITIVE MODEL OF PTSD ARGUE?
IT OCCURS WHEN TRAUMA AND CONSEQUENCES ARE PROCESSED IN A WAY WHICH PRODUCES A SENSE OF CURRENT THREAT.
WHAT ARE THE 2 KEY PROCESSES WITHIN THE COGNITIVE MODEL OF PTSD?
1) ENCODING
2) NEGATIVE APPRAISAL
WHAT FACTORS AFFECT THE PROCESSING OF A TRAUMATIC EVENT?
*MENTAL DEFEAT
*ALIENTATION
*DISSOCIATION
*ALTERED MENTAL STATE DUE TO INJURY
WHAT IS THE PERCEPTION OF CURRENT THREAT IN PTSD MAINTAINED BY?
*OWN RESPONSES AND BEHAVIOURS
*INTITIAL PTSD SYMPTOMS
WHAT STATEGIES CAN BE USED TO CONTROL PTSD THREAT AND SYMPTOMS?
*AVOIDANCE
*RUMINATION
*SUBSTANCE USE
*SAFETY BEHAVIOUR
WHAT IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE TREATMENT STATEGY FOR PTSD?
EXPOSURE WHEREIN INDIVIDUALS CONFRONT AND EXPERIENCE RELEVANT STIMULI.
WHAT IS AN EXAMPLE OF AN EXPOSURE-BASED TREATMENT FOR PTSD?
EYE-MOVEMENT DESENSITISATION (EMDR)
WHAT IS COMPLEX TRAUMA?
REFERS TO REPEATED EXPOSURE TO MULTIPLE TRAUAMAS.
WHAT IS THE TREATMENT FOR COMPLEX TRAUMA?
*REGULAR CBT MAY BE LESS EFFECTIVE.
*BUT SCHEMA THERAPY AND PSYCHODYNAMIC HAS SHOWN TO BE EFFECTIVE.
