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DIAGNOSIS & FORMULATION > PTSD (WK6) > Flashcards

PTSD (WK6) Flashcards

1
Q

WHAT IS THE DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR PTSD?

A

A)EXPOSURE TO THREATED DEATH, INJURY OR VIOLENCE. BY DIRECT EXPERIENCE OR OBSERVATION.
B)PRESENCE ON 1 OR MORE INTRUSIVE SYMPTOMS ASSOICATES WITH THE TRAUMATIC EVENT
C)PRESISTENT AVOIDANCE OF REMINDERS
D)AT LEAST 2 CHANGES IN MOOD OR THOUGHT PROCESSES
E)DISPLAYS AT LEAST 2 OR MORE OF THE ASSOICATED SYMPTOMS
F)SYMPTOMS BEGAN OR WORSENED AFTER THE EVENT AND CONTINUED FOR AT LEAST 1 MONTH

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2
Q

WHAT ARE THE ASSOCIATED DIAGNOSTIC SYMPTOMS FOR PTSD?

A

*RECKLESSNESS
*IRRITABILITY
*AGGRESSION
*HYPERVIGILANCE
*CONCENTRATING TROUBLE
*SLEEPING TROUBLES
*EXAGGERATED STARTLE RESPONSE

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3
Q

WHAT IS THE DSM-5 DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR ACUTE STRESS DISORDER?

A

A)EXPOSURE TO THREATED DEATH, INJURY OR VIOLENCE. BY DIRECT EXPERIENCE OR OBSERVATION.
B)PRESENCE OF AT LEAST 9 OF THE ASSOCIATED SYMPTOMS
C)SYMPTOMS BEGIN 3 DAYS TO 1 MONTH AFTER TRAUMA
D)SYMPTOMS CANNOT BE EXPLAINED BY OTHER DISORDERS
E)CAUSE SLINICALLY SIGNIFICANT DISTRESS

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4
Q

WHAT ARE THE ASSOCIATED DIAGNOSTIC SYMPTOMS FOR ACUTE STRESS DISORDER?

A

*RECURRENT MEMORIES
*REPEATED DISTRESSING DREAMS
*FEELING THE EVENT IS BEING RELIVED
*DETACHMENT FROM OTHERS
*ALTERED PERSPECTIVE
*TROUBLE REMEMBERING THE EVENT
*AVOIDANCE OF REMINDERS
*HYPERVIGILANCE
*SLEEP TROUBLES
*IRRITABILITY

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5
Q

WHAT ARE THE 4 BROAD TYPES OF PTSD SYMPTOMS?

A

*INTRUSIVE / RE-EXPERIENCE SYMPTOMS
*AVOIDANCE OF TRIGGERS
*HYPERAROUSAL
*NEGATIVE THOUGHTS AND FEELINGS

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6
Q

WHAT ARE SOME PTSD INTRUSIVE / RE-EXPERIENCE SYMPTOMS?

A

*VIVID MEMORIES
*FLASHBACKS
*NIGHTMARES

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7
Q

WHAT ARE SOME PTSD HYPERAROUSAL SYMPTOMS?

A

*HYPERVIGILANCE
*SLEEPING TROUBLES
*DIFFICULTY CONCENTRATING
*IRRITABILITY
*IMPULSIVITY
*RECKLESSNESS

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8
Q

WHAT IS THE AVERAGE PERCENTAGE OF PEOPLE WHO ARE EXPOSED TO TRAUMA AT SOME POINT IN THEIR LIVES?

A

70.4%

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9
Q

WHICH GENDER IS MORE LIKELY TO EXPERIENCE PTSD?

A

WOMEN

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10
Q

WHAT TYPE OF TRAUMA ARE FEMALES MORE LIKELY TO EXPERIENCE?

A

INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE

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11
Q

WHAT TYPE OF TRAUMA ARE MALES MORE LIKELY TO EXPERIENCE?

A

ACCIDENTS AND PHYSICAL VIOLENCE.

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12
Q

WHAT IS THE APPROXIMATE GENETIC HERITABILITY PERCENTAGE OF PTSD?

A

30%

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13
Q

WHAT ARE SOME PERSONAL BIOLOGICAL VULNERABILITY FACTORS IN PTSD?

A

*FAMILY HISTORY
*SMALL OR UNDERDEVELOP HIPPOCAMPUS
*FAILURE TO DAMPEN ACTIVATION OF AMYGDALA
*AGE
*TEMPERAMENT

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14
Q

WHAT ARE SOME PERSONAL SOCIAL VULNERABILITY FACTORS IN PTSD?

A

*FAMILIAL INSTABILITY
*CHILDHOOD ACES
*PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT AFTER TRAUMA

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15
Q

WHAT ARE SOME PERSONAL SOCIOCULTURAL VULNERABILITY FACTORS IN PTSD?

A

*LOWER SES
*UNEMPLOYMENT
*COMMUNICATION DIFFICULTIES

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16
Q

WHAT ARE SOME PERSONAL PSYCHOLOGICAL VULNERABILITY FACTORS IN PTSD?

A

*AVOIDANT COPING STYLE
*RUMINATION
*PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
*FEAR OF EMOTIONS
*DISSOCIATION AFTER THE TRAUMA
*PERSONALISING RESPONSIBILITY

17
Q

WHAT ATTACHMENT STYLE INCREASES VULNERABILITY TO PTSD?

A

ANXIOUS ATTACHMENT STYLE

18
Q

WHAT DOES THE PSYCHODYNAMIC MODEL ARGUE ABOUT PTSD?

A

TRAUMA TRIGGERS ID RESPONSES. THE INTENSITY OF THE ANXIETY THREATENS TO OVERWHELM THE EGO THUS DEFENSE MECHANISMS ARE USED, WHICH INHIBITS THE PROCESSING OF THE EVENT.

19
Q

WHAT DEFENCE MECHANISMS ARE USED IN PTSD ACCORDING TO FREUD?

A

*DISSOCIATION
*REPRESSION
*INTROJECTION

20
Q

WHAT DOES CLASSICAL CONDITIONING ARGUE ABOUT PTSD?

A

STIMULI PRESENTED AT THE TIME OF THE TRAUMA ARE CONDITIONED TO ELICIT FEAR. LATER AVOIDANCE OF STIMULI PREVENTS RE-CONDITIONING.

21
Q

WHAT DOES DUAL-REPRESENTATION THEORY ARGUE ABOUT PTSD?

A

*NORMAL MEMORY IS STORED IN THE HIPPOCAMPUS. THEY ARE COHERENT AND CONSCIOUSLY ACCESSED.
*TRAUMA MEMORIES ARE STORED IN THE AMYGDALA AND ARE NOT CONSCIOUSLY ACCESSED. THEY ARE FRAGMENTED.

22
Q

WHAT DOES THE COGNITIVE MODEL OF PTSD ARGUE?

A

IT OCCURS WHEN TRAUMA AND CONSEQUENCES ARE PROCESSED IN A WAY WHICH PRODUCES A SENSE OF CURRENT THREAT.

23
Q

WHAT ARE THE 2 KEY PROCESSES WITHIN THE COGNITIVE MODEL OF PTSD?

A

1) ENCODING
2) NEGATIVE APPRAISAL

24
Q

WHAT FACTORS AFFECT THE PROCESSING OF A TRAUMATIC EVENT?

A

*MENTAL DEFEAT
*ALIENTATION
*DISSOCIATION
*ALTERED MENTAL STATE DUE TO INJURY

25
Q

WHAT IS THE PERCEPTION OF CURRENT THREAT IN PTSD MAINTAINED BY?

A

*OWN RESPONSES AND BEHAVIOURS
*INTITIAL PTSD SYMPTOMS

26
Q

WHAT STATEGIES CAN BE USED TO CONTROL PTSD THREAT AND SYMPTOMS?

A

*AVOIDANCE
*RUMINATION
*SUBSTANCE USE
*SAFETY BEHAVIOUR

27
Q

WHAT IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE TREATMENT STATEGY FOR PTSD?

A

EXPOSURE WHEREIN INDIVIDUALS CONFRONT AND EXPERIENCE RELEVANT STIMULI.

28
Q

WHAT IS AN EXAMPLE OF AN EXPOSURE-BASED TREATMENT FOR PTSD?

A

EYE-MOVEMENT DESENSITISATION (EMDR)

29
Q

WHAT IS COMPLEX TRAUMA?

A

REFERS TO REPEATED EXPOSURE TO MULTIPLE TRAUAMAS.

30
Q

WHAT IS THE TREATMENT FOR COMPLEX TRAUMA?

A

*REGULAR CBT MAY BE LESS EFFECTIVE.
*BUT SCHEMA THERAPY AND PSYCHODYNAMIC HAS SHOWN TO BE EFFECTIVE.

DIAGNOSIS & FORMULATION (8 decks)

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