Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuro III > PT for individuals with Concussions > Flashcards

PT for individuals with Concussions Flashcards

1
Q

Acquired brain injury

A

after birth and applies to children and adults
can occur via traumatic causes such as injury or non traumatic causes such as disease, stroke, infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Examples of non- traumatic brain injury

A

stroke- hemorrhagic/ischemic
brain tumor
hypoxia/anoxia
dementia
encephalitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Examples of traumatic Brain injuries

A

diffuse:
-concussion
-diffuse axonial injury
-hypoxia anoxia

focal:
-subdural hematoma
-epidural hematoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Do you routinely image patients to diagnose mTBI

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define Concussion

A

traumatic brain injury induced by biomechanical forces. it may be caused by either a direct blow to the head, face, neck or indirect blow to the body that transmits forces to the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Clinical signs and symptoms reflect a _______ disturbance rather than a structural injury.

A

functional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Do concussions always result of a loss of consciousness?

A

NO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Is there a high prevalence of TBI related ED visits?

A

yes 2.8 million

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do we classify a TBI?

A

Glasgow coma scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Score of 8 or less on GCS

A

severe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Score of 9-12 on GCS

A

moderate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Score of 13-15 on GCS

A

mild

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the top 3 causes for all types of TBIs?

A

falls -49%
MVA- 24%
other- 25%
-unintentionally being struck by or against an object
-unintentional self harm
-assault

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

concussion mechanism is _____ not structural.

A

physiological

injury occurs resulting in alteration of neuronal membrane
increase cellular demand for ATP
increase glucose demand
deregulation of blood flow in brain
metabolic demand may be greater than supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

are abnormalities shown on a neuro-image after a person has a concussion?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Should an MRI be used to diagnose an MRI?

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the timeframe for recovery after a concussion

A

24 hours to 7-10 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are some poor prognostic factors?

A

severity of acute and subacute symptoms
prior concussion
history of anxiety, depression or learning disabilities
cognitive deficits
females have greater risk than males

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Dizziness on field is associated with prolonged recovery true/false

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Dizziness can be a result of visual, peripheral and central vestibular disturbances

A

neck tightness, suboccipitals

21
Q

Risk of subsequent concussion increases ___X after the first event

A

3x

22
Q

What is second impact syndrome

A

rare but life treatening
results from a second injury when the brain is vulnerable
brain is still healing from the initial injury and is unable to regulate blood flow
Intracranial pressure builds in the brain and brainstem herniation can occur

23
Q

What is Post-concussive syndrome?

A

Persistence of at least 3 symptoms for >4 weeks

24
Q

Graded symptom checklist reliably identified mTBI for children aged____and older

A

6

25
Q

Patients with altered mental state at time of injury have increased number and severity of ____

A

symptoms

26
Q

What is chronic traumatic encephalopathy?

A

degenerative brain disease found in athletes, military veterans and others with repeated brain trauma

families may report mood behavioral or cognitive changes that progressively develop following consecutive injuries

27
Q

When is Chronic traumatic encephalopathy diagnosed?

A

after death with autopsy

28
Q

What are some signs and symptoms of concussion?

A

headache
nausea
vomiting
balance/dizziness
sensitivity to light/noise
fatigue
depression
trouble falling asleep

29
Q

Signs and symptoms of concussion are rapidly ____ and short lived and resolve _____.

A

occurring
and resolve spontaneously

30
Q

What is the gold standard for evaluating concussions? when does it take place

A

Sports concussion assessment tool (SCAT-5)

within the first 24 hours after injury

31
Q

What information do you need for the Standardized assessment of concussion?

A

SAC needs to be compared to baseline

32
Q

How many conditions are included in the balance error scoring system?

A

6 conditions

33
Q

The high level mobility assessment tool is used to assess patients who suffer from what?

A

high level balance and mobility problems
13 items

34
Q

What do you do in the buffalo concussion treadmill test?

A

obtain resting HR, BP, VAS, RPE then repeat every minute 1 point for worsening symptoms and 1 point for increasing new symptom

35
Q

What are some warning signs that need immediate referral to emergency care

A
  1. cervical instability/fracture
  2. neurologic signs
    -reflex changes
    -weakness
    -sensory chagnes
    -CN abnormalities
    -seizure
  3. prolonged Loss of conciousness
  4. HA that is progressing
  5. altered mental status beyond acute stage or deteriorating mental status
  6. HTN
    Autonomic dysregulation
36
Q

Domaine to examine and treat: Cervical spine

A

Palpation
stability testing
flexibility
mobility testing
Cervical strength testing
Upper quarter screen

37
Q

What are some exams for cervicogenic dizziness

A

smooth pursuit neck torsion test
joint position error test
head neck rotation

38
Q

What are some interventions for cervical spin interventions

A

ROM
Stretching
Progressive resistance exercise
mobilization
suboccipital release
proprioceptive training
oculomotor and balance retraining

39
Q

After concussion what exam should be used to assess balance

A

BESS

40
Q

If you observe gaze holding nystagmus or other central signs after concussion what should you do?

A

refer
reflex should normalize within 48-72 hours

41
Q

During VOR if target slips or blurs can be caused by two things what are they

A

vestibular hypofunction- infection should heal and recover within 24-48 hours
caused by central dysfunction- refer concern

42
Q

What is senate bill 40

A

requires training of coaches on removal from play
no same day return to practice
notify parent
medical clearance for RTP

43
Q

What does the colorado concussion law return to sport state

A

must be free of concussion symptoms >24 hours
attending full days of school
tolerating full academic workload
off any medication started for concussions
no same day return to play with or without scat-5

44
Q

What are some sideline assessment red flags

A

neck pain tenderness
double vision
weakness tingling in arm/leg
severe or increasing headache
seizure or convulsion
loss of consciousness
deteriorating conscious state
vomiting
increasing restless

45
Q

When should a kid return to school

A

brief 24-48 hour period of rest followed by gradual return to activity

46
Q

Treatment cervical spine

A

soft tissue
cervical spine
cervical strengthening
cervical proprioception

47
Q

treatment cardiovascular deconditioning

A

buffalo concussion treadmill test
graded exercise

48
Q

treatment vestibular involvement

A

smooth pursuits, saccades, convergence and vertical VOR
teach settling technique
set patient expectations on symptom development

49
Q

What is the criteria for progression in treatment

A

decline in symptoms
able to remain symptom free during aerobic conditioning
tolerate increasing resistance
incorporate dual task
return to running spriting and agility

Neuro III (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions