psyhochemical properties

Question 1

characteristic of bases:

Answer 1

taste bitter
feel slippery
contain hydroxide ions
poisonous and corrosive to skin

Question 1

characteristics of acid:

Answer 1

1. they have a sour taste
2. react with metals
   3..contain hydrogen
3. poisonous and corrosive to skin

Question 2

what is the arrhenus definition of acids and bases

Answer 2

Acid- it contains hydrogen ion which dissociates in water to form hydroxide ions
bases-it contains hydroxyl group and dissociate in water to form a hydroxyl ion

Question 3

what is the bronsted lowry definition?

Answer 3

acid: it loses a proton of H+
bases: accepts a proton of H+

Question 4

what is conjugated ?

Answer 4

conjugated bases is a basic form of a given acid . if it accepts the proton it will become an acid
conjugated acid is a basic form of given base if it loses a proton it becomes the base

the weaker the acid the stronger its conjugated base
the stronger the acid the weaker its conjugated base

Question 5

what is a ph

Answer 5

ph is potential hydrogens
it measures the acidity of a solution
it also measures the amount of hydrogen ions present in solution
the more hydrogen ions present the lower the Ph
ph is measured using -log10 (H+) ions

Question 6

what is a strong acid?

Answer 6

it fully ionises in solution
eg Hcl
Hno3
h2so4
hbr

Question 7

what is a strong bases ?

Answer 7

ionises in water soluble
eg
koH
NaOH

Question 8

weak acid?

Answer 8

partially ionises in solution eg vinegar
hco3

Question 9

weak base

Answer 9

partially ionises in water
eg nh3
f
no2

Question 10

how to conjugate an acid or base

Answer 10

to conjugate an acid its add H+ increase charge
conjugate a base loses an H+ loses the charge

Question 11

what is kw i

Answer 11

Dissociation of water

Question 12

whats the log ph

Answer 12

ph= -log10 (H3O+)

Question 13

ph scale

Answer 13

on the ph scale , lower than 7 ph acidic
7 is neutral and more than 7 its alkaline basic
lemon juice is ph 3
water is ph 7

Question 14

whats poh

Answer 14

Poh measures the hydroxide ion
ph= -log10 (oh-)
kw never changes

Question 15

what does ph and poh always equal

Answer 15

ph + poh = 14

Question 16

what is water?

Answer 16

water is amphetric which means its both acid and a base as it loses and accepts proton.

Question 17

what is autonisation of water?

Answer 17

if theres two water molecules the oxygen is negative and hydrogen is a positive charge . if under any circumstance the two different water molecules come closer together the positive hydrogen gets attached to negative oxygen.
So now one water particle gets 3 hydrogens and becomes hydronium HO3-
The other water molecule remain with one hydrogen and becomes an OH- ion.
one molecule loses its proton and the other one gains a proton.
this is also the equiliriam
The equation-
2H20 reversible arrows H3O+ +OH-

Question 18

What happens when you add an acid or base to water

Answer 18

when you add acid to water it increases H+

when add base to water it loses h+

Question 19

what does pure water dissociates in?

Answer 19

it dissociates in 25 degreess room to yeild 10-7 moles/L OF H+ or H30+

Question 20

whats the kw equations?

Answer 20

kw= h+ x oh-/ h20

Question 21

the ph of a solution depends on 2 things

Answer 21

the concentration of the solution= if you have 2 solution of the same acid the more concentrated one will have more hydrogen ions so lower ph

the acid- if you have 2 acids the same the more stronger acid will have lower ph than a weak acid as it fully dissociates and produces h+ ions

Question 22

lewis definition of acid and base?

Answer 22

acid: electron pair acceptor
base- electron pair donor

Question 23

what is neutralisation

Answer 23

when an acid and base react together to make salt and water

Question 24

what is ka

Answer 24

gives you the relative idea of the strength of the acid
the larger the ka the stronger the acid

Question 25

pka

Answer 25

tells you how acidic something is
the stronger the acid the lower the pka
the weaker the acid the higher the pka