pharmacy/pharmacists TBL 1 Flashcards
VICTORIAN ERA - what care was provided by phsyicians
at the beginning of victorian era care was provided by physicians and was based around the theories of the hippocarate , they suggested illnesses and dieases were an imbalance of 4 factors- blood, phlegm, black bile and yellow bile
what did many of the remedies in the first half of nineteenth centuries contain
lead , mercury and antimony which are all toxic
pharmacy trader was under the name of who?
in medieval times pharmacy trade was under the control of company of the grocers.
what did company of grocers supply with
selling of spices meat food and drinks
how did apothecaries made their money and what could they not charge for
they made money by supplying , compounding and selling drugs
they couldnt charge for home visits , providing medical advice and prescribing meds.
what did apothecaries do in 1617
they broke away from the company of grocers as they wanted to ensure purity in their products , which lead to 7 year apprenticeship and you could only be called an apothecaries after passing the exam
the society was name worshipful society of art and mystery of the apothecaries.
what happened in 1704
the apothecaries won a case against royal college of phsycians and could prescribe meds as well as dispense them
what are apothecaries reffered to as now ?
GP
what happened when the apothecaries become GP
this caused a huge gap in the market for chemists and druggists which was filled with them . However they were unregulated group of individuals who owned premises on the high street
they prepared, compounded dispensed and sold over the counter meds.
the chemists and druggist didnt need to have any qualifications or exams and were unregulated
what is a british pharmacopoeia?
it was main reference used by phsyicians and apothecaries in the 19th centuries , it contained all the cure alls
when did the apothecaries act come out and what qualification was needed
this apothecaries act 1815 was made due to the fact they needed to be regulated as a medical profession in the UK.
it was required for apprenticeship and training to be taken
what happened between the apothecaries and chemists and druggists?
due to the act there was clear seperation between the two profession which created tension between the groups .
apothecaries tried to get bils through the parliaments with the aim to ban chemists and druggist to dispense meds and removing the need for a seperate profession.
what happened due to the conflict between the apothecaries and chemists and druggist
it was realised that new professional body is needed to represent the chemists and druggists. this led to the formation of pharmaceutical society in 1841 and royal charter gained in 1843
therefore this made Pharmacy a profession and not a trade.
where was the first school of pharmacy?
17 bloombury square in london in 1842
what happened in 1852
the register was made for pharmaceutical chemists for who passed the exams
now people started using the term pharmacists , pharmacy etc
chemists and druggists were only reffered to as shops which sold meds
pharmacy act
the pharmacy act 1968 came in force
only allowed those who were registered and passed the societies exams to sell, dispense and compound to general public
the act helped to regulate the pharmacy education and regulate the access to medicines.
when did pharmacy student have t enrol
in 1967 all students had to enrol onto a degree course
how to be a pharmacist
4 years under grad
52 week foundation training programme
pass gphc exam
who should be pharmacist registered with
all pharmacist should be registered with the gphc
generla pharmaceutical countril under the medicines act 1968
when is it illegal to call yourself a pharmacist
it it illegal to call yourself a pharmacist /technician until you’re on the register of pharmacy/technicians
4 domains of study that make up the new learning outcomes?
person-centred care
professionalism
professional knowledge and skills, and
collaboration
what is millers triangle
know - has knowledge
knows how - shows knowledge
shows how -demonstrated competence in a limited way-
does- demonstrated repeatdly and safely
whats the role of pharmacy technicians ?
giving meds to patients either on prescription or over the counter meds. and providing info on possible side effects
role of accredited checking technician ?
responsible for checking the final accuracy check on dispensed meds
role of dispenser?
supporting registered pharmacist with dispensing and preparation of meds
role of medicines counter assistant?
first people customer contact with, advise people about their health and also act as a brand ambassador
meaning of medical reconcillation?
accurately listing a persons current meds
what is a medicines formulary?
list of medicines which are available for use within an organisation eg hospital
what are aseptic services?
this is where sterile , controlled environments are provided for highlty qaulified staff
What is a radiopharmaceutical product
they are radio isoptopes bound to biological molecules able to target specific organs, tissyes or cells within the body
what is the rps?
the royal pharmaceutical society is a professional body that represents the interest of its members, not compulsory to join as a pharmacist
its constituted by the royal charter
what is gphc
it is the general pharmaceutical council which is a regulator for pharmacists, pharmacy technician and pharmacy premises in GB.
all pharmacist and technician must be registered with the gphc
how often should the memberhsip be renewed?
every registrant must review their membership annually and pay a fee
this includes an annual declaration of the fitness to practice and submission of 4 continuning development recorcds(CPD).
what is the structure of gphc?
the council members are appointed and consist of 14 members equal number of lay and registrant members, this ensures knowledge and experience to be brought in from the outside to help ensure public focus
what are the gphc committees
investigating committee : this considers allegations of members fitness to practise being impaired and decides whether to refer the case to fitness to practise committee
fitness to practise commitee: makes decision regarding the fitness to practise being impaired for reasons concernign their conducts, professional performance or health.
appeals committee : handles decisions about appeals made
what does fitness to practise mean?
this means that a person has skills , knowledge , health and characters to practice their profession safely and effectively
according to gphc they refer to fitness to practise as a persons suitability to be registered without restrictions
why is fitness to practise important?
it is intended to ensure public protection and maintain confidence in the profession
gphc standards for pharmacy professionals
these standards apply 24/7
1 person centred csre
2 partnership working
3 effective communication
4 professional knowledge and skills
5 professional judgement
6 professional behaviour
7 confidentiality and privacy
8 speaking up about concerns
9 effective leadership
what is the duty of candour
this is telling the patient if things go wrong by being open and honest
gphc states that duty of candour means
- telling the patient when something goes wrong
- apologising to the patiwnts
- offering an appropriate remedy
- explain fully to the patient the short and long term effects of what has happened
what happens at fitness to practice hearing
whether or not someone would continute on their course the judgement would be be made in the hearing where they look at specific details of the case
- when the offence was commited
- the seriousness of the offence
- the circumstances of the offence
- whether the student has shown any insight into the offence
- any other mitigitaating or aggravating factors
police caution
never accept a police caution as it can stay on your record and show on your dbs
stages of fitness to practice procedure?
1 ) investigation :you will be informed of any investigation concerning you
2) initial consideration of the case by the faculty suitability panel - if panel more concerned it could be reffered to fitness to practise hearing
3)full formal hearing is held infront of the panel which will also include a pharmacist from outside of the school, student should attend and accompanised with an advisor
the student union of pda may become involved
4) the panel will consider the case including any mitigating or aggravating circumstnces
5) panel will decide on case by case basis using gphc guidance, they can decide if theres no casue for concern, or sanctions and could be exlusion from the school
what are the revalidation requirements which a pharmacist must complete each year
4 cpd : 2 planned 2 unplanned
one peer discussion record
one reflective account record
what is nhs divided into?
primary care: first point of contact pharmacist , gp
secondary care: hospital or emergency care , urgent etc
tertiary : high specialised treatment
core principles of whivh nhs were founded?
that it meets the needs of everyone
it is free at the point of delivery
it should be based of clinical needs not ability to pay
the health care act ?
the health care act 2022
brought into force new legislative measure that aim to make it easier for health and care organisation to deliver joined up care for people who are reliant upon many different services.
what is a pcn
it is a primary care netwokr which is made up of group of gps practised who work together in partnership with community , mental health, social care
what is a ics
it is a integrated care system which brings local organisations to redisgn care and improve population health creating shared leadership and action.
42 ics covering every area of england
its made up of 2 parts
1: ICB integrated care board: allocates nhs budget and commision services provides a 5 year programme
2:integrated care partnership: bring together a wide range of partner to develop a plan to addrss broader health , public health , doesnt commision services
