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HBHD > Psychotic Disorders > Flashcards

Psychotic Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three positive symptoms of psychosis?

A

Hallucinations and delusions and disorganization

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2
Q

What are the two types of hallucinations?

A

Hypnagogic and hypnopompic

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3
Q

When do hypnagogic hallucinations occur?

A

When going to sleep

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4
Q

When do hypnopompic hallucinations occur?

A

Waking from sleep

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5
Q

What is the definition of a hallucination?

A

False perception in absence of real stimuli

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6
Q

What is definition of delusion?

A

Fixed false belief maintained in face of evidence to the contrary

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7
Q

What is the most common sensory type of hallucination in schizophrenia?

A

Auditory

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8
Q

What is a grandiose delusion?

A

A delusion that is beyond expectations/reality

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9
Q

What is a nihilistic delusion?

A

Feeling like already dead delusion

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10
Q

What is a erotomanic delusion?

A

Convinced love is there for someone but it isn’t

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11
Q

Define disorganization

A

Thought production in which there is no recognizable relationship between ideas

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12
Q

Name the five negative symptoms of psychosis

A 
Affective flattening
Alogia
Apathy
Anhedonia 
Attention deficit
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13
Q

What is Anhedonia?

A

Negative symptom of psychosis where you lose interest in lots of things

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14
Q

What is alogia?

A

Poverty of speech or lack of content in speech

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15
Q

What is avolition apathy?

A

Negative symptom of psychosis where decrease grooming and have impersistence at work

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16
Q

What usually precedes the onset of positive symptoms in psychosis?

A

Cognitive impairment

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17
Q

What are two things you have to rule out before you can think it is psychiatric related psychosis?

A

Substance abuse and medical induced psychosis

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18
Q

What is schizoaffective disorder?

A

Delusions/hallucinations for 2 or more weeks without a major mood episode (manic or depressed) during the lifespan of the delusions/hallucinations

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19
Q

What if you have a mood disorder like MDD or bipolar affective disorder and psychosis…what is diagnosis?

A

Just mood disorder with psychosis

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20
Q

Brief psychotic disorder has a duration of how long?

A

Less than 1 month of psychotic symptoms

21
Q

Schizophreniform has a duration of how long?

A

More than one month but less than 6 months of psychotic symptoms

22
Q

What is delusional disorder? Why is it called this?

A

Disorder with only delusions..no other symptoms of psychosis involved

23
Q

How long must you have active psychotic symptoms to be diagnosed with schizophrenia

A

More than one month

24
Q

How long must you have continuous signd of disturbance to be diagnosed with schizophrenia

A

6 months

25
Q

What must happen to your function to be diagnosed with schizophrenia?

A

Marked decrease in function

26
Q

How many symptms of schizophrenia must you have to be diagnosed?

A

At least two

27
Q

Which type of symptom, pos or neg, must you have for schizophrenia diagnosis?

A

Positive

28
Q

When do males have onset of schizophrenia?

A

18-25 years olf

29
Q

When do females have onset of schizophrenia/

A

25-35 and 45+ bc of menopause

30
Q

What is a biologic marker for poor prognosis in schizophrenia?

A

Enlarged ventricles equal more negative symptoms and worse diagnosis

31
Q

What is the main NT considered high in schizophrenia?

A

Dopamine

32
Q

Is schizophrenia genetic?

A

Yes…but not totally, environment thought to play a role

33
Q

What is the stress-diathesis model for schizophrenia?

A

Environmental stress added onto genetic predisposition leads to schizophrenia

34
Q

Is an acute or insidious onset worse prognosis in schizophrenia?

A

Insidious

35
Q

Is an episodic course or continuous course worse prognosis in schizophrenia?

A

Continuous course

36
Q

Is early or late age onset worse prognosis in schizophrenia?

A

Early age

37
Q

Is it easier to treat positive or negative symptoms

A

Positive symptoms

38
Q

Name the four dopamine pathwys in the brain

A

Mesolimbic
Mesocortical
Nigrostriatal
Tuberohypophyseal

39
Q

What does too much dopamine in the mesolimbic pathway cause?

A

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia

40
Q

What does too little dopamine cause in the mesocortical pathway?

A

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia

41
Q

How do dopamine inhibitors affect the nigrostriatal pathway? What can this cause?

A

Decreases dopamine there… leads to tardive dyskineasia and extrapyramidal symptoms

42
Q

What is acute dystonia?

A

Involuntary muscle spasm of neck, tongue and back

43
Q

When does acute dystonia occur following treatment with antipsychotic?

A

Hours to five days after

44
Q

What is akathisia?

A

Inner sense of restlessness and compelling movement

45
Q

When does akathisia occur following treatment with antipsychotic?

A

Days to weeks after treatment

46
Q

What is parkinsonism?

A

Bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor and shuffling gait

47
Q

When does parkinsonism occur following treatment with antipsychotic?

A

Weeks to months

48
Q

What is tardive dyskinesia?

A

Involuntary abnormal movements

49
Q

When does tardive dyskinesia occur following treatment with antipsychotic?

A

More than 6 mos

HBHD (17 decks)

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