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PSYO 353 > psychosexual development (pt.4) > Flashcards

psychosexual development (pt.4) Flashcards

1
Q

literature shows that regular, consensual sexual expression contributes to physical and psyo well being

A
  • may reduce phsyical and mental health problems associated with aging
  • p-v correlated with;
  • higher quality of intimate relationships
  • lower rates of depressive symptoms
  • improved cardio health
  • slimmer waisr and hips in both men and women
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2
Q

national survey of sexual health and behaviour

A
  • solo masturbation common;
  • 46% of the oldest M (70+) and 33% of the oldest W (70+)
  • clear indicator of the extent of continuing sexual expression
  • M 50-59 slightly more likely to report giving/receiving oral sex (48%) with opposite-sex partner than W (44%);
  • 19% and 24% M aged 70+ compared to 8% and 7% W 70+
  • p-v: 58% M and 51% W aged 50-59;
  • declined to 43% among M 70+ and to 22% among W 70+
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3
Q

finland and austraila

A

finland;
* W same age range: 1.8 (lack of partner a factor)
australia;
* M aged 75-79 = 40%
* M aged 80-84 = 27%
* M aged 85-89 = 19%
* M aged 90-95 = 11%

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4
Q

maintaining sexual activity will likely increase in importance as

A
  • more people living longer
  • living more yrs in better health
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5
Q

W, changes related to declining functioning of ovaries during climacteric are most noticeable

A
  • gradual decline of estrogen (vaginal dryness and atrophy);
  • aches and itching vulva/vagina, burning, and dyspareunia
  • may lead to reduced frequency or cessation of sexual activity
  • serious symptoms -> not common (brazil 20%, Italy 6%)
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6
Q

do W report sex more exciting and desireable after menopause?

A
  • yes
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7
Q

change in M

A
  • testosterone has a slow decline
  • slower to get erect
  • less firm erections
  • decreased likelihood of orgasm
  • longer refractory periods
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8
Q

age related changes in physical appearance

A
  • stressful for those in ageist society
  • especially problematic for W;
  • mid life W who reported declining sexual desire and frequency of activity self reported as less physically attractive than 10 yrs earlier, regardless of age
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9
Q

some W’s interest in sex is pronatalism

A
  • loss of ability to reproduce
  • no longer any reason to engage in sexual activity
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10
Q

the primary reason for the difference in p-v found between older m and w is related to (physical attractiveness, menopause, w’s inherent disinterest in sex, the loss of their partner)

A
  • the loss of their partner
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11
Q

diabetes and hypertension associated with sexual dysfunctions among older m and w (<12%)

A
  • no evidence that medical illnesses major influence on declining sexual desire and behaviour or increasing sexual distress and dysfunction in later life
  • moreover, improvements in health of a pop should increase rates of sexual activity in later life
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12
Q

mental health influences sexual funtioning

A
  • increased anxiety -> lack of sexual interest in both m and w:
  • increased an organsmia and lack of sexual pleasure w
  • depression -> anorgansmia and erectile problems in m
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13
Q

meds taken by elders that impact sexual functioning

A
  • anticoagulants
  • meds to control cholesterol
  • meds to control hypertension
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14
Q

are diagnosed illnesses and medication use related to the frequency of sexual activity

A
  • no
  • unrelated
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15
Q

w were more likely to rate sex as important than w were

A
  • 59% m agreed or strongly agreed that “sexual activity is a critial part of a good relationship” compared to 35% of w
  • “sexual activity is important to my overall quality of life”: 20% of m aggreed compared to 3% of W
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16
Q

AARP (1999 and 2010)

A

1999:
* 51% of respondents aged 45 endorsed “sex becomes less important to most people as they get older”
* as did 76% of those over age 65
2010:
* “sex becomes less important to people as they age”: 39% m and 37% w agreed/strongly agreed
* “sex is only for younger people”: only 2% m and 5% w agreed

17
Q

married w and m

A
  • USA w marry m 2.6 yrs older
  • w live longer than m (~5-7 yrs)
  • many older w widowed
  • married m and w report more frequent partnered sexual activity than formerly married or single persons, particularly at older ages
  • most sig contributor to decline among w (being widowed)
  • frequency of sexual activity highest among currently married, intermediate among never married/divorced and lowest among widowed persons (m and w)
18
Q

divorced persons

A
  • 33% divorced persons between 45 and 65 dating
  • compared to only 10% divorced persons over age 65
  • poor adjustment to the divorce greatly reduces chances of forming new romantic relationships
  • 87% m and 79% w dated after the divorce
  • 54% m who dated and 39% w who dated, remarried
  • white m over 60 marry w 9 yrs younger
  • black m over 60 marry w 12 yrs younger
  • relationship/marital status perhaps the major influence on the frequency of heterosexual sexual activity in later life
19
Q

sexual behaviour and committed partner relationship

A
  • strongly related to satisfaction
  • 60% m and w between 45-59 were satisfied with physical relationship
  • declining to 35% of m and w over age 75
  • satisfaction sig associated with frequency of partnered sexual activity
  • greater satisfaction associated with more frequency hugging and kissing, oral sex, and vaginal intercourse
  • low sexual frequency sig associated with dissolution
20
Q

sexual desire

A
  • sharply declines with age with some variation across studies
  • 76.5% m 45-59 reported desire a few times/week, declining to 43% among m 60-74 and 17% among m over age 75
  • for w, comparable % were 36%, 11%, and 4%
  • w much less likely to report frequent sexual desire than m (but other variables, such as partnered status and health/stress, are influential)
21
Q

sexual research on sexual dysfunction

A
  • much research done on older pops
  • some evidence that difficulties with arousal and erection increase with age
  • not clear to what degree these lead to cessation of partnered sexual activity
  • little evidence that organsmic disorder increases with age among w
  • there are problems associated with lube that are age related
22
Q

% of sexual dysfunction

A
  • 49% of those 45-65 had sought treatment from medical professional for sexual functioning problems
  • 12% of those aged 45-65 and 14% of those aged 66+ taking medication/receiving treatment for sexual problem
23
Q

autralian study on sexual dysfunction

A
  • m and w 40-80: only 22% who reported at least 1 sexual difficulty had sought help
  • m experienced erectile difficulties and w experienced lube problems more likely to seek medical help
  • attitudes were also important
  • m and w who believed sex very or extermely important pt of life more likely to have sought help
24
Q

there are men and women who remain sexually active into their 80s (true or false)

A
  • true

PSYO 353 (14 decks)

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