Psychopharmacology

Question 1

two groups of Antipsychotics

Answer 1

1. older - conventional

2. newer - second-generation

Question 2

who do antipsychotics treat?

Answer 2

schizophrenia
mood disorder
control aggressive behavior
borderline personality disorder
dementia
tourette's

Question 3

mechanism of action for antipsychotics, what do they block?

Answer 3

they block dopamine at the D2 receptor

Question 4

second generation are ______ antagonists at the DA receptor

Answer 4

they’re weaker

they’re also potent 5-HT antagonists and have anticholinergic and antihistaminic activity

Question 5

main types of antipsychotics (3)

Answer 5

chlorpromazine
haloperidol
clozapine

Question 6

side effects of antipsychotics

Answer 6

tardive dyskinesia
pseudoparkinsonism
akathisia
acute dystonic reaction
orthostatic hypotension
hyperprolactinemia
neuroleptic malignant syndrom

Question 7

antidepressants - SSRI’s are the most widely ______, they don’t cause side effects like ___ do

Answer 7

antidepressants - SSRI’s are the most widely prescribed, they don’t cause side effects like TCA’s do

Question 8

what do SSRI’s treat?

Answer 8

major depression, panic, OCD, social phobia, PTSD, bulimia nervosa

Question 9

Side effects of SSRI’s

Answer 9

nausea, loose bowel, anxiety, headache, insomnia, sedation, increased sweating, weight gain/weight loss
sexual dysfunction - MAIN ONE

Question 10

2 newer antidepressants

Answer 10

bupropion and duloxetine

Question 11

burproprion inhibits reuptake of what 2 neurotransmitters?

Answer 11

dopamine and NE

Question 12

duloxetine inhibits reuptake of what 2 neurotransmitters?

Answer 12

5HT and NE

Question 13

TCA block reuptake of what?

Answer 13

NE and 5HT at the presynaptic terminals

Question 14

TCA side effects

Answer 14

sedation
orthostatic hypotension
anticholinergic effects

Question 15

MAOIs inhabit what?

Answer 15

MAO

Question 16

what do MAOI’s treat?

Answer 16

depression
panic disorder
agoraphobia
social phobia
PTSD
bulimia nervosa

Question 17

side effects of MAOI’s

Answer 17

orthostatic hypotension

severe hypertension/death/stroke if you don’t follow a low tyrosine diet

Question 18

what type of antidepressant should you start with when 1st prescribing?

Answer 18

SSRI’s

Question 19

how long should drug trials last with antidepressants?

Answer 19

4-8 weeks

Question 20

what is the main drug used for mood stabilizers

Answer 20

lithium carbonate

Question 21

who does lithium treat?

Answer 21

prevents recurrence of depression

treatment of schizophrenia

Question 22

what are the side effects of lithium?

Answer 22

thirst
tremor
diarrhea
weight gain
edema
hypothyroidism

Question 23

anxiolytics - two main types

Answer 23

benzodiazepines and buspirone

Question 24

who do benzodiazepines treat?

Answer 24

anxiety 
sleep disturbances
seizure
alcohol withdrawal
anesthesia

Question 25

how do benzo’s work?

Answer 25

via GABA receptors

Question 26

side effects of benzo’s

Answer 26

CNS depression:

drowsiness, reduced motor coordination, memory impairment

Question 27

buspirone is a ____ receptor agonist

Answer 27

5HT

Question 28

what is buspirone used for

Answer 28

generalized anxiety

not for panic, relieving phobias

Question 29

agents used to treat extra pyramidal syndrome (EPS) work via

Answer 29

blocking muscarinic receptors in the corpus striatum

Question 30

what is an example of an agent used to treat EPS?

Answer 30

benxtropines

Question 31

side effects of benxtropines?

Answer 31

dry mouth, blurry vision, constipation

Question 32

electroconvulsive therapy is when

Answer 32

electric current is passed through scalp and selected parts of the brain to induce a grand mal seizure

Question 33

who does ECT treat?

Answer 33

depressive
psychomotor
retardation
delusions

Question 34

who is ECT not recommended for?

Answer 34

chronic depression

serious forms of personality disorder