Personality Disorders Flashcards
diagnostic criteria for personality disorders
an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the person’s culture
- pattern is inflexible
- leads to clinically significant distress or impairment
- long standing, stable
what areas does personality disorders affect?
cognititon: ways of perceiving and interpreting self and toher people
affectivity: range, intensity, liability and appropriateness
interpersonal functionign
impulse control
3 clusters of specific disorder
- mad
- bad
- sad
Cluster A: Mad (odd or eccentric)
schizoid
schizotypal
paranoid
Cluster B: Bad (dramatic)
histrionic
narcissistic
borderline
antisocial
Cluster C: Sad (anxious)
avoidant
dependent
obessive-compulsive
diagnosis - 2/6 answered yes in this screening could mean they have one
- Experiences marked shifts in mood
- Feels inadequate when not the center of attention
- Actions directed toward obtaining immediate satisfaction
- Reluctant to confined in others because of unwarranted fear that information will be used against
- Excessive social anxiety
- Unwilling to get involved with people unless certain of being liked
epidemiology
10-20% of general population 30-50% of psych patients
onset in adolescence and established by adulthood
epidemiology: borderline, avoidant and dependent are more common in
female
epidemiology: antisoical is more common in
males
consequences of personality disorder
o Highly negative outcomes for personal, academic, work and social arenas
o Increased risk of early death due to suicide, homicide and accidents
neurobiology of schizotypal
low platelet MAO activity and distubed smooth pursuit eye movement
neurobiology of antisocial and borderline
low CSF 5-HIAA (serotonin metabolite)
Paranoid
• Pervasive pattern of distrust and suspiciousness
• Need 4/7 criteria
• Some suggest part of schizophrenia spectrum
• May be related to learned suspiciousness and mistrust
o Behavior leads to others being cautious and deceptive – fulfills patients fantasies
Paranoid treatment
• Rarely seek treatment – usually because they mistrust everyone
• Seen most often for anxiety and depression
• Important for clinician to respect the patient
o Avoid group therapy
o Antipsychotics may be beneficial