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EPPP > Psychopharmacology > Flashcards

Psychopharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Major classes of psychotropic medications (5)

A

Antipsychotics, antidepressants, antianxiety agents, mood stabilizers, stimulants

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2
Q

Most common Typical or Traditional Antipsychotics (Neuroleptics or Major Tranquilizers)

A

Thorazine (chlorpromazine)
Prolixin (fluphenazine)
Haldol (haloperidol)

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3
Q

Traditional Antipsychotics better at treating ___ sxs of psychosis

A

Positive- hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking

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4
Q

Atypical or Novel Antipsychotics

A 
Clorazil (clozapine)
Risperdal (risperidone)
Zyprexa (olanzapine)
Seroquel (quetipine)
Geodon (ziprasidone)
Abilify (ariprazole)
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5
Q

Atypical Antipsychotics are equally effective in treating __ and __ sx of schizophrenia. They are often preferred over traditional antipsyh meds because they does not cause ____ ______.

A

Positive; Negative

Extrapyramidal symptoms

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6
Q

Disorders treated with Antipsychotics

A 
Schizophrenia
Delirium
Brief Psychotic Disorder
Tourette's Disorder
Autism/PDD
PTSD
Depression
Delusional Disorder
Some indications for dementia
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7
Q

Common side effects of lower potency antipsychotics

A

Sedation, anticholinergic effects, hypotension, lowers seizure threshold

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8
Q

Common side effects of high potency antipsychotics

A

Extrapyramidal sxs

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9
Q

___ ____ is a potential side effect of all traditional antipsychotics

A

Tardive dyskinesia

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10
Q

Anticholinergic Effects

*Hint: Dry everything out or hold it in

A 
Dry mouth
constipation
urinary retention
blurred vision
nasal congestion
confusion
decreased memory
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11
Q

Orthostatic hypotension

A

lightheaded when stand up

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12
Q

Treatment of Extrapyramidal Sxs

A

Anticholinergic agents (Cogentin, Artane)

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13
Q

Extrapyramidal Symptoms

A

Mvmt related sxs
Parkinsonism-shuffling, tremor, mask face, rigidity
Akathisia: dysphoria, agitation, rocking, shifting wt
Dystonia-painful spasms in neck, back, tongue, larynx

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14
Q

Tardive dyskinesia

A

Abnormal movements of the lips, tongue, jaw, limbs, and trunk
generally arises 6 months after tx, plateaus after 3 to 6 yrs

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15
Q

Tx of Tardive dyskinesia

A

Monitoring pts to see if med needs to be changed or dosage reduced
Neuroleptics temporarily reduce sxs

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16
Q

The Atypical Antipsychotic with no side effect of tardive dyskinesia

A

Clozaril (clozapine)

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17
Q

What types of medications exacerbate tardive Dyskinesia?

A

anticholinergic agents

18
Q

Agranulocytosis

A

Potentially lethal side effect, mostly assoc w/Clozaril (clozapine)
Sudden drop in granulocyte count leading to sore throat & high fever

19
Q

___ is the atypical antipsychotic that is only prescribed when other antipsychotics have failed due to risk of lethal side effect, ___.

A

Clozaril; agranulocytosis

20
Q

True of False: Antipsychotics can cause addiction and tolerance

A

False, but there can be withdrawal if a high dosage is stopped suddenly

21
Q

Most Common Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)

*Hint: end w/”amine” or “tyline”

A

Elavil (amitriptyline)
Anafranil (clomipramine)
Tofranil (imipramine)

22
Q

SSRIs

A 
Prozac (fluoxetine)
Zoloft (sertraline)
Paxil (paroxetine)
Cymbalta (duloxetine)
Strattera (atomoxetine)
Serafem (fluoxetine)
Luvox (fluvoxamine)
Celexa (citalopram)
Lexapro (escitalopram)
23
Q

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)

A

Inhibit activity of monoamine oxidase
Nardil (phenelzine)
Parnate (tranylcypromine)

24
Q

Mechanism of Action of Antidepressants

A

Most block reuptake of norepinephrine and/or serotonin

25
Q

Common meds for depression w/sleep problems

A

Desyrel (trazodone)
Sinequan (doxepin)
Due to hypnotic effects

26
Q

Common tx for psychotic depression

A

TCAs combined w/antipsychotic

27
Q

Common tx for inpt, melancholic, geriatric depression

A

TCAs

28
Q

Common tx for atypical depressions

A

Treatment resistant depressions, depr w/panic disorder
MAOIs
SSRIs may eventually be effective too

29
Q

Best tx for mild depression

A

psychotherapy; placebos equally effective as medication

30
Q

Tricyclics can induce ___ in 10-15% of patients

A

Mania

31
Q

Common tx for Panic Disorder

A

Tofranil (imipramine)
Paxil (paroxetine)
Prozac (fluoxetine)

32
Q

Common tx of OCD

A

Anafranil (clomipramine)

Prozac & other SSRIs

33
Q

Common tx of Chronic Pain

A

TCAs
Elavil (amitryptiline)
Norpramin (desipramine)
Sinequan (doxepin)

34
Q

Common tx of bulimia

A

SSRIs

TCAs (Norpramin, Tofranil)

35
Q

Common tx of premature ejaculation

A

TCA- Anafranil (clomipramine)

SSRI- Paxil (paroxetine)

36
Q

Side effects of Tricyclics

A

TCAs can trigger mania in bipolar patients
Anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, memory issues, confusion)
Sedation
Orthostatic hypotension
Weight gain
Nausea
Sexual dysfunction

37
Q

Side effects of SSRIs

A 
Headaches
Nervousness
Restlessness
Insomnia
GI distress
sexual dysfunction
38
Q

Side effects of MAOIs

A 
Orthostatic hypotension
Weight gain
Edema
Sexual dysfunction
Insomnia
Tyramine Induced Hypertensive Crisis (must follow strict dietary guidelines to avoid excess tyramine)
39
Q

2 Classes of Antidepr that are highly lethal by overdose

A

TCAs

MAOIs

40
Q

Contraindicators for TCAs

A

heart conditions
High BP
seizures

41
Q

what is the most common side effect of antipsychotic medications?

A

Akathisia

EPPP (18 decks)

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