Psychopathology- cognitive explanations for depression Flashcards
What does the cognitive approach blame depression on
Ask a result of a disturbance in ‘thinking’.
They focus on an individual’s negative thoughts, irrational beliefs and misinterpretation of events as being the cause of depression
What did Beck three parts did Beck suggest for a cognitive vulnerability for depression
Negative triad
negative self-schemas
cognitive biases
What did Beck say people with depression become trapped in
A cycle of negative thoughts
What makes up the negative triad
Negative view of the self
Negative view of the world
Negative view of the future
According to Beck, negative views stem from what
Negative self-schemas
What is a self schemas
A package of ideas we have about ourselves
What type of schemas have people with depression developed
Negative self schemas
What is an ineptness schema
An expectation of failure
What is a self-blame schemas
Feeling responsible for all misfortunes
What are negative schemas further maintained by
Cognitive biases
What do cognitive biases cause
A misperception of reality
What is an arbitrary inference
A conclusion drawn without sufficient evidence.
What is minimisation
Minimising any positive events in life
What is overgeneralisation
Sweeping conclusions drawn on the basis of a single event
Ellis proposed that good mental health was the result of what
Rational thinking
What beliefs did Ellis argue were common in people with depression
Irrational beliefs
In Ellis’ ABC model what do each of the letters stand for
A- activating event
B- beliefs
C- consequence
In Ellis’ ABC model how do all the components effect each other
The activating event in which the response is affected by the individuals belief which results in the consequence
In the Temple Wisconsin study of cognitive vulnerability to depression, who was the sample group
Uni students
In the Temple Wisconsin study of cognitive vulnerability to depression, was any of the sample suffering from depression
No
In the Temple Wisconsin study of cognitive vulnerability to depression, what were participants tested on and how frequently
On a negative thinking test, in which a high score indicated negative thinking
Every two months for two years
In the Temple Wisconsin study of cognitive vulnerability to depression, what did the results show
Results for first 2 yrs showed 17% of those with high scores on negative thinking went on to experience a period of severe depression compared to 1% of those with low scores i.e. positive thinkers.
In the Temple Wisconsin study:
Results for first 2 yrs showed __% of those with high scores on negative thinking went on to experience a period of severe depression compared to _% of those with low scores i.e. positive thinkers.
17
1
Evaluating cognitive explanation for depression
- evidence
There is a wealth of evidence that supports the role of cognition in depression.
The Temple Wisconsin study of cognitive vulnerability to depression sampled Uni students, none of which were suffering with depression, and were assessed every few months for 2 years.
Results for first 2 yrs showed 17% of those with high scores on negative thinking went on to experience a period of severe depression compared to 1% of those with low scores i.e. positive thinkers.
This illustrates the significant role of cognition in cases of depression.