Psychology Final Exam pt2

Question 1

Marlow’s Hierarchy of needs

Answer 1

1 Self-Actualization
2 esteem
3 love and belonging
4 safety needs
5 physiological needs

Question 2

self actualization

Answer 2

a continuous approach we are continuously working to achieve our full potential

Question 3

learning styles

Answer 3

an individual’s method of making sense of new material, commonly done through visual, touch, and audio or sound

Question 4

Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development

Answer 4

individuals need to accomplish a particular task before successfully mastering the stage and progressing to the next one

Question 5

John Bowlby attachment styles

Answer 5

1 secure
2 anxious-ambivalent
3 disorganized
4 avoidant

children come into the world biologically preprogrammed to form attachments with others, because this will help them survive

Question 6

temperament

Answer 6

personality traits that determine how someone reacts to the world

Question 7

parenting styles

Answer 7

1 authoritative-solves problems with child
2 authoritarian-solves problems for child
3 permissiveraely gives or enforces rules
4 neglectful-uninvolved or absent

Question 8

resiliency

Answer 8

ability to recover from tragedy, adversity, hardship, or adapt to ongoing life stressors.

Question 9

self-concept

Answer 9

an individuals view of self

Question 10

cyber bullying and sexting

Answer 10

cyberbullying is bully over the internet
sexting is indulging in sexual activity over the phone
sexting is another form of cyberbullying

Question 11

holistic health

Answer 11

a focus on the person as a whole; in mind, body and soul, rather than focusing on a disease, injury, ailment, or overall problem

Question 12

eustress vs distress

Answer 12

eustress is a type of stress that is positive, helpful, and motivating. Encourages people to work hard and reach their goals.
distress is a type of stress that cause people to feel overwhelmed and anxious, along with this comes headaches, tension, insomnia, inattentiveness, or irritability

Question 13

2 major sources of stress: Environmental & Psychological

Answer 13

environmental stress include factors in a person’s surroundings or environment that cause emotional mental strain in their lives.

psychological stress occurs when you are under pressure of having difficulty coping with a situation or stimulus

Question 14

burnout

Answer 14

state of emotional, mental, and often physical exhaustion brought on by prolonged or repeated stress

Question 15

post traumatic stress disorder

Answer 15

where a person has a hard time recovering after experiencing or witnessing a terrifying event

Question 16

incest

Answer 16

sexual relations with a person to close in relation for one to marry

Question 17

rape

Answer 17

sexual interaction with a person involving intercourse or penetration without consent

Question 18

sexual harassment

Answer 18

unwelcome behavior that includes sexual advances, request of sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature

Question 19

addiction

Answer 19

fact or condition of being addicted to a particular substance, thing, or activity

Question 20

vicarious traumatization

Answer 20

a negative reaction to trauma exposer and includes range of psychosocial symptoms

Question 21

career vs occupation

Answer 21

career-what one does for a living includes education, training, professional memberships, volunteering, and your entire history of paid work

occupation- a type of work that includes tasks, education and training, typical wages, work settings, and other factors

Question 22

5 retirement paths

Answer 22

1 continuers-more of the same, but package their main activities in new ways
2 adventurers-seeks something new
3 searchers-spend much time in trial and error activities
4 easy gliders-go with the flow
5 retreaters-give up on forging a new and rewarding life

Question 23

“Love Languages”

Answer 23

1 physical touch
2 quality time
3receiving gifts
4 acts of service
5 words of affirmation

Question 24

Attachment styles (Bowlby and Ainsworth)

Answer 24

Bowlby believed attachment was an all or nothing process
Ainsworth believed in three attachment styles : secure attachment, insecure-avoidant attachment, and insecure-ambivalent/resistant attachment

Question 25

stonewalling

Answer 25

refusing to give answers by giving evasive replies

Question 26

signs of intimate partner violence/abuse

Answer 26

bruises, burns, cuts or scars, missing teeth, spotty balding

Question 27

benefits and risks of relationships via social media

Answer 27

provides instant connection and self-expression, it also promotes feelings of inadequacy and distraction from real-life connections

Question 28

3 types of sexual orientation

Answer 28

sexual attraction, sexual behavior, and sexual identity

Question 29

gender role socialization

Answer 29

the process which kids learn about the social expectations, attitudes and behaviors typically associated with boys and girls

Question 30

sexism

Answer 30

prejudice or discrimination based on sex or gender

Question 31

stereotypes

Answer 31

an oversimplified and generalized idea about a particular type of person or thing

Question 32

sexual abstinence

Answer 32

choosing to not have sex until marriage

Question 33

sexual addiction

Answer 33

excessive sexual thoughts, desires, urges or behaviors that cannot be controlled and cause distress and harm to your relationships, finances, and other aspects of your life

Question 34

solitude vs loneliness

Answer 34

solitude is a choice that leads you to finding peace and prosperity

loneliness is a state of sadness because one has no friends or company

Question 35

personal fable

Answer 35

a belief held by many children telling them that they are special and unique, so much so that none of life’s difficulties or problems will affect them regardless of their behavior

Question 36

imaginary audience

Answer 36

the belief that someone is under constant, close observation by peers, family, and strangers

Question 37

rational suicide

Answer 37

taking your own life based upon logical decision-making

Question 38

assisted suicide

Answer 38

when another person materially helps an individual person die by suicide

Question 39

advance directives

Answer 39

any written document spelling out instructions with regard to life-prolonging treatment if individuals become irretrievably ill and cannot communicate their wishes

Question 40

hospice

Answer 40

specialized care that provides physical comfort and emotional, social and spiritual support for people nearing the end of life

Question 41

5 stages of dying

Answer 41

denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance

Question 42

Lucifer effect

Answer 42

the extreme transformative arc from good to evil that God’s favorite angel Lucifer underwent

Question 43

standford prison experiment

Answer 43

revealed how people will readily conform to the social roles they are expected to play, especially if the roles are as strongly stereotyped as those of the prison guards