Psychology Final Exam pt2 Flashcards
Marlow’s Hierarchy of needs
1 Self-Actualization
2 esteem
3 love and belonging
4 safety needs
5 physiological needs
self actualization
a continuous approach we are continuously working to achieve our full potential
learning styles
an individual’s method of making sense of new material, commonly done through visual, touch, and audio or sound
Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development
individuals need to accomplish a particular task before successfully mastering the stage and progressing to the next one
John Bowlby attachment styles
1 secure
2 anxious-ambivalent
3 disorganized
4 avoidant
children come into the world biologically preprogrammed to form attachments with others, because this will help them survive
temperament
personality traits that determine how someone reacts to the world
parenting styles
1 authoritative-solves problems with child
2 authoritarian-solves problems for child
3 permissiveraely gives or enforces rules
4 neglectful-uninvolved or absent
resiliency
ability to recover from tragedy, adversity, hardship, or adapt to ongoing life stressors.
self-concept
an individuals view of self
cyber bullying and sexting
cyberbullying is bully over the internet
sexting is indulging in sexual activity over the phone
sexting is another form of cyberbullying
holistic health
a focus on the person as a whole; in mind, body and soul, rather than focusing on a disease, injury, ailment, or overall problem
eustress vs distress
eustress is a type of stress that is positive, helpful, and motivating. Encourages people to work hard and reach their goals.
distress is a type of stress that cause people to feel overwhelmed and anxious, along with this comes headaches, tension, insomnia, inattentiveness, or irritability
2 major sources of stress: Environmental & Psychological
environmental stress include factors in a person’s surroundings or environment that cause emotional mental strain in their lives.
psychological stress occurs when you are under pressure of having difficulty coping with a situation or stimulus
burnout
state of emotional, mental, and often physical exhaustion brought on by prolonged or repeated stress
post traumatic stress disorder
where a person has a hard time recovering after experiencing or witnessing a terrifying event
incest
sexual relations with a person to close in relation for one to marry
rape
sexual interaction with a person involving intercourse or penetration without consent
sexual harassment
unwelcome behavior that includes sexual advances, request of sexual favors, and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature
addiction
fact or condition of being addicted to a particular substance, thing, or activity
vicarious traumatization
a negative reaction to trauma exposer and includes range of psychosocial symptoms
career vs occupation
career-what one does for a living includes education, training, professional memberships, volunteering, and your entire history of paid work
occupation- a type of work that includes tasks, education and training, typical wages, work settings, and other factors
5 retirement paths
1 continuers-more of the same, but package their main activities in new ways
2 adventurers-seeks something new
3 searchers-spend much time in trial and error activities
4 easy gliders-go with the flow
5 retreaters-give up on forging a new and rewarding life
“Love Languages”
1 physical touch
2 quality time
3receiving gifts
4 acts of service
5 words of affirmation
Attachment styles (Bowlby and Ainsworth)
Bowlby believed attachment was an all or nothing process
Ainsworth believed in three attachment styles : secure attachment, insecure-avoidant attachment, and insecure-ambivalent/resistant attachment
stonewalling
refusing to give answers by giving evasive replies
signs of intimate partner violence/abuse
bruises, burns, cuts or scars, missing teeth, spotty balding
benefits and risks of relationships via social media
provides instant connection and self-expression, it also promotes feelings of inadequacy and distraction from real-life connections
3 types of sexual orientation
sexual attraction, sexual behavior, and sexual identity
gender role socialization
the process which kids learn about the social expectations, attitudes and behaviors typically associated with boys and girls
sexism
prejudice or discrimination based on sex or gender
stereotypes
an oversimplified and generalized idea about a particular type of person or thing
sexual abstinence
choosing to not have sex until marriage
sexual addiction
excessive sexual thoughts, desires, urges or behaviors that cannot be controlled and cause distress and harm to your relationships, finances, and other aspects of your life
solitude vs loneliness
solitude is a choice that leads you to finding peace and prosperity
loneliness is a state of sadness because one has no friends or company
personal fable
a belief held by many children telling them that they are special and unique, so much so that none of life’s difficulties or problems will affect them regardless of their behavior
imaginary audience
the belief that someone is under constant, close observation by peers, family, and strangers
rational suicide
taking your own life based upon logical decision-making
assisted suicide
when another person materially helps an individual person die by suicide
advance directives
any written document spelling out instructions with regard to life-prolonging treatment if individuals become irretrievably ill and cannot communicate their wishes
hospice
specialized care that provides physical comfort and emotional, social and spiritual support for people nearing the end of life
5 stages of dying
denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance
Lucifer effect
the extreme transformative arc from good to evil that God’s favorite angel Lucifer underwent
standford prison experiment
revealed how people will readily conform to the social roles they are expected to play, especially if the roles are as strongly stereotyped as those of the prison guards
