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Psychology > Psychology - Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Psychology - Chapter 11 Flashcards

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1
Q

Health Psychology - def

A

study of psychological or behavioral factors that affect physical health & illness.

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2
Q

Certain behaviors increase their risk of ___.

A

Disease.

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3
Q

Changes in behaviors can reduce the risk of certain ___.

A

Diseases.

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4
Q

Changing behaviors is often __ and __ than treating many diseases.

A

Easier & safer.

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5
Q

Behavioral interventions are cost-effective. T/F?

A

True!

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6
Q

Frustration as a source of stress - def

A

something blocking your goal-directed behavior.

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7
Q

Conflict as a source of stress - def

A

presence of 2 or more incompatible drives/motives.

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8
Q

Life events as a source of stress - even positive ones can cause….

A

stress.

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9
Q

Stress can be measured by the _ _ _ _.

A

SRRS - Social Readjustment Rating Scale.

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10
Q

Hardy personalities - def

A

people who seem generally resistant to the negative aspects of stress.

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11
Q

How men handle stress -

How women handle stress -

A

Men - fight or flight.

Women - Tend + befriend (they work on the stress and seek out social support.)

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12
Q

Problem Focused Coping Strategies - finding and ___ the source of stress.

A

Eliminating.

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13
Q

Emotion Focused Coping Strategies - Muscle Relaxation

A

relaxing your muscles, like “tense + release.”

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14
Q

Emotion Focused Coping Strategies - Imagery -

A

really imagining something.

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15
Q

Emotion Focused Coping Strategies - Diaphragmatic Breathing -

A

like what I learned to do - breathe with your stomach and such.

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16
Q

Emotion Focused Coping Strategies - Biofeedback -

A

info given about bodily processes used to change these processes (like seeing your strip on the monitor then realizing you need to relax…and doing so!)

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17
Q

Physical Exercise and Social Support are not part of emotion focused coping strategies. T/F?

A

False - they are part of it!

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18
Q

Type A Personality - def

A

competitive, achievement focused, impatient, multi-tasker, easily aroused, HOSTILE.

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19
Q

What is the one part of Type A personality that is the cause of many of the bad parts of the personality?

A

Hostility - can lead to the diseases associated with Type A.

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20
Q

Lifestyle Factors Affecting Health - (5) (Major causes of death in the U.S.)

A
  1. Heart Disease
  2. Cancer
  3. Chronic Respiratory Disease
  4. Accidents
  5. Diabetes
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21
Q

__ % of U.S. Adults smoke.

A

18%

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22
Q

At least ___ of smokers become seriously ill or die from smoking.

A

half!

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23
Q

Nearly ___ % of U.S. deaths each year are smoking related.

A

20%

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24
Q

Even smokers who join cessation programs and quit often……

A

resume smoking. :(

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25
Q

__ % of smokers want to quit.

A

70%

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26
Q

__ % of smokers have tried to quit in the past year.

A

30%

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27
Q

Adult rates of smoking are going down. T/F?

A

True! Like, 97 was 25%, then 21% in 2004, and now 18% in 2012!

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28
Q

Smokers should have their own reasons for quitting. T/F?

A

True!

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29
Q

Smokers should quit when they are really stressed. T/F?

A

False - they should wait until these are least stressed!

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30
Q

Most smokers try to quit… how many times?

A

5-7 times before they are successful!

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31
Q

There are __ million new cases of STD’s each year.

A

15 million.

32
Q

__ million Americans are already infected with an STD.

A

65 million.

33
Q

__ % of Americans will get an STD at some point.

A

Greater than 50%

34
Q

HIV/AIDS - virtually unknown in the U.S. before…

A

1981.

35
Q

Over 1 million Americans infected with HIV/AIDS. T/F?

A

True!

36
Q

__ % of people with HIV don’t know it

A

25%

37
Q

Chlamydia - incidence is ___.

A

Soaring (3-4 million new cases/year.)

38
Q

Chlamydia - Most/least common bacterial STD in the US?

A

Most common!

39
Q

Chlamydia - can be passed how?

A

Oral, anal, vaginal, etc.

40
Q

What are the symptoms of Chlamydia?

A

Usually none, but there can be painful urination, discharge, etc.

41
Q

Chlamydia - can infect __ eye’s/respiratory tract at delivery.

A

Infants - it’s the leading cause of respiratory infections in infants.

42
Q

Chlamydia - can lead to __ ___ ___.

A

PID - Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, which, if left untreated, can lead to infertility in women.

43
Q

How is Chlamydia treated?

A

With antibiotics!

44
Q

Gonorhea - ____ thousand new cases/year.

A

360,000 - at least! It’s probably closer to 700,000 but there’s no “official” reporting.

45
Q

Gonorhea - Bacterium can also grow in ….

A

mouth, throat, eyes, along with the genital area.

46
Q

What are the symptoms of Gonorhea?

A

Similar to Chlamydia, but there are often none.

47
Q

Gonorhea - can spread to __ or joints.

A

Bones or joints.

48
Q

Gonorhea - can be transmitted during childbirth. T/F?

A

True!

49
Q

How do we treat Gonorhea?

A

Antibiotics - however, some strains are antibiotic resistant!

50
Q

Syphilis - ___ new cases/year.

A

10,000.

51
Q

Syphilis - transmitted by contact with…

A

Syphilis sore.

52
Q

What are the symptoms of Syphilis?

A

Phase 1 - Primary - sore at site of infection (which can go away on its’ own.)
Phase 2 - Secondary - Rash on hands + feet.
Phase 3 - Latent/Late - no symptoms for years, and this is where damage to organs and such can occur.

53
Q

How do we treat Syphilis?

A

Antibiotics, and the earlier the treatment, the better the outcome!

54
Q

Genital Herpes - caused by…

A

HSV - Herpes Simplex Virus.

55
Q

1/5 of teens and adults have (have had) Genital Herpes - T/F?

A

True!

56
Q

What are the symptoms of Genital Herpes?

A

Often none, but there can be flu like symptoms after initial infection and there can also be genital sores/blisters.

57
Q

How is Genital Herpes transmitted?

A

Via skin-to-skin contact, even if there is no breakout present!

58
Q

Genital Herpes - can be transmitted during pregnancy, but only if…

A

there is a breakout present!

59
Q

HSV 1 - causes…

A

cold sores. (above the belt.)

60
Q

HSV 2 - causes…

A

Genital Herpes (below the belt.)

61
Q

What is the treatment for Genital Herpes?

A

No cure and meds can only reduce the severity of the breakouts and such!

62
Q

HPV - def

A

Human Papiloma Virus

63
Q

At least __ % of people will contract HPV at some point.

A

50%

64
Q

What are some symptoms of HPV?

A

Often none, but there can be…Genital Warts, Cervical Dysplasia (abnormal cell growth in the cervix), etc.

65
Q

Cervical Cancer - usually caused by HPV. T/F?

A

True!

66
Q

How is HPV transmitted?

A

Skin to skin contact!

67
Q

How is HPV treated?

A

Removal.

68
Q

What are the vaccines for HPV?

A

Gardasil (Ages 9-26) and Carvarix.

69
Q

Gardasil protects against ___ of cervical cancer and ___ of genital warts.

A

75%/90%

70
Q

HIV/AIDS - a slow/fast virus. ?

A

Slow.

71
Q

HIV/AIDS - Faster progress associated with…

A

more stress.

72
Q

HIV attacks ___ until Aids develops.

A

The body’s immune system.

73
Q

How do people die from AIDS?

A

They die from infections or diseases that their immune system could not overcome. Like, cancer, pneumonia, or even the common cold!

74
Q

AIDS starts when…

A

the immune system is too weak - like the WBC count is way low.

75
Q

Symptoms of HIV -

A

none for years, then symptoms creep in.

76
Q

Opportunistic Infections - ones that…

A

don’t normally cause problems but do since the immune system of an HIV/AIDS patient is so low.

Psychology (8 decks)

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