Psychology Flashcards
goal?
desired outcome/aim
benefits of goal setting?
- motivating
- gives direction to training
- check progress
- increase confidence - kow they trained properly
- reduce anxiety -makes them feel in control over situation
goal setting principles
SMARTER
Specific
Measurable
Agreed
Realistic
Time-phased
Exciting
Recorded
Motivation?
desire required to be successful/driving force that makes you do smth.
how can motivation be seen?
- amount of effort applied
- how well focus/effort is directed
- how long u stick to task
- what we are willing to sacrifice
what is intrinsic and extrinsic motivation?
INTRINSIC: motivation that comes from doing the activity itself
- feeling satisifed with activity
- improved fitnees/social reqards from playing
EXTRINSIC: motivation from outside the activity/person
- rewards - sponsorship
- desire fro attnetion/fame
how to promote intrinsic motivation?
- make session enjoyable
- ensure perfomers gain satisfaction from performing
how to promote extrinsic motivation?
- set goals around achieving rewards
- rewards provide incentives to work hard
arousal?
an energised state of physiological/psychological readiness to perform a task
how to increase arousal?
- motivating talk
- warm up
- goal
- crowd
- importance of match/game
effect of over arousal and symptoms?
- anxiety, stress
- make more mistakes
symptoms: dry mouth
- increased BR/HR
- nausea
effect of under arousal?
- under perform
- not excited enough/ lack drive
what is the inverted U theory? what does optimum level depend on?
created by Yerkes/Dodson 1908
- there is an optimum level of arousal fro performance
- too much/too little cause reduction in performance
optimum level depends on:
- NATURE OF TASK
- skill of performer
- personality
anxiety?
a performer’s negative reaction to stress causing them to feel worried, nerovus or apprehension
what is cognitive and somatic anxiety?
COGNITIVE: - mental symptoms a performer feels (worry,doubt) –> occur in under/over arousal
SOMATIC: physical signs of anxiety
somatic anxiety symptoms ?
adrenaline is produced and causes:
- increased HR - more O2/glucose pumped to muscles
- increased BR - more O2 to muscles
- muscles tense
causes of fears/worries?
Uncertainty (dk if they’ll succeed)
Pressure
Effect on self esteem (if dont succeed - im bad at sport)
Fear of harm
Frustration
what is difference between mental rehearsal and visualisation?
Mental rehearsal —>running through skill, sequence or event in mind , in detail , involving all senses
e.g crowd noise , how to react + in bad situations
Visualisation –> ‘SEEING’ best outcome for skill/techniques you’re about to perform
what is deep breathing and benefits?
- learned way of breathing in a deep, calm, focused way to promote relaxation as well as physical wellbeing
BENEFITS:
- reduce stress - focus on breath instead of event
- take in O2 efficiently
- focus attention
- remove tension in muscles
difference between introverts and extroverts?
INTROVERTS : quite, shy, reserved personality - associated with induvidual sports
EXTROVERTS: sociable, lively, optimistic , otugoing personality type - associated with team sports
personality theories ?
trait theory - personality is determined by genetics
Social learning theory - BEHAVIOUR learned by social context, through observation/direct instruction
Interactionist theory - behaviour/persoanlity developed by interactions with others
