Psychological Treatments

Question 1

Ego Dystonic Disorders

Answer 1

symptoms are perceived as undesirable

Question 2

Ego Systonic Disorders

Answer 2

symptoms are perceived by the individual who has the disorder as valued or advantageous

Question 3

Stages of Change

Answer 3

identify a stepwise progression of thoughts and actions that characterize effective change of problematic behaviours

Question 4

Pre-Contemplation

Answer 4

inability or unwillingness to acknowledge the existence of a problem

Question 5

Contemplation

Answer 5

acknowledges the existence of a problem but may be unsure or unwilling to change it

Question 6

Preparation

Answer 6

recognition of the problem and preparation of change

Question 7

Action

Answer 7

taking active steps to change the behaviour

Question 8

Maintenance

Answer 8

the continuation of healthy habits and avoidance of unhealthy behaviour

Question 9

Relapse

Answer 9

the complete re-emergence into an unhealthy habit or behaviour

Question 10

Psychoanalytic Therapy

Answer 10

• Psychological distress arises from the presence of unconscious conflicts
  
  • 3 levels of consciousness
    3 personality segments

Question 11

Behavioural Therapy

Answer 11

• Focuses on observable behaviours seeking positive change in a measurable way
  
  • Built on conditioning
    Systematic desensitization

Question 12

Humanist/Client Centered

Answer 12

• Clients are the experts in their own feelings thoughts and emotions
  
  • Therapist is there to reach self-actualization with the patient
  • 3 core conditions:
    ○ Unconditional positive regard
    ○ Empathy
    Genuineness

Question 13

Cognitive Therapy

Answer 13

• Focuses on maladaptive thoughts that characterize a distressed individual
  Notice behaviours and want to change them

Question 14

Mindfulness Based Therapy

Answer 14

• Psychological distress is thought to be alleviated when we are able to distance ourselves from our negative thoughts and emotional reactions
  Goal is to alleviate psychological distress and achieve a sense of well-being and purposeful living by developing a present-focused mindset characterized by non-judgemental acceptance

Question 15

Systems Based

Answer 15

• Primary focus placed on relationships between two or more co-participants, rather than the single individual, these individuals create a single system
  First task is to establish a productive working relationship with their families

Question 16

Pharmocotherapy

Answer 16

Treatment using medication

Question 17

Electroconvulsive Therapy

Answer 17

Procedure involving the brief passage of an electrical current through electrodes applied to scalp, stimulating a generalized seizure

Question 18

Psychosurgery

Answer 18

Treatment through brain surgery

Question 19

Efficacy

Answer 19

treatment produced a desired effect in the real world

Question 20

Effectiveness

Answer 20

treatment produced a desired effect in the real world