Neuroscience 2

Question 1

Dorsal

Answer 1

back

Question 2

Ventral

Answer 2

front

Question 3

rostral

Answer 3

top of axis

Question 4

Caudal

Answer 4

bottom of axis

Question 5

Medial

Answer 5

central, towards midline

Question 6

Lateral

Answer 6

towards outside of brain

Question 7

MRI

Answer 7

• Magnetic fields are generated that align hydrogen atoms – MRI uses the alignment to localize tissue precisely
• very precise, detailed picture of the brain

Question 8

CT

Answer 8

series of X ray slices are taken

-relatively quick, inexpensive, low resolution picture of the brain

Question 9

fMRI

Answer 9

measures relative use of oxygen

• uses many of the same principles of PET and MRI
• non-invasive & rough image of brain activation

Question 10

PET

Answer 10

• uses invasive radioactive tracer of glucose/oxygen

- detects molecules used in metabolic processes

Question 11

EEG

Answer 11

EEG provides rough image and ERP is more informative

Question 12

Single Cell Recording

Answer 12

• Records a single neuron
• Pattern of firing reveals functional role
  Provides information about a limited area of the brain

Question 13

Hindbrain (RCMP)

Answer 13

Reticular Formation
Cerebellum
Medulla
Pons

Question 14

Reticular Formation

Answer 14

arousal, motivation posture, balance

Re-tickle-ar formation, tickled your posture straightens

Question 15

Cerebellum

Answer 15

facilitates coordinated movement

Bell, metronome that coordinates movement

Question 16

Medulla

Answer 16

regulate breathing, digestion, and heart rate

Life would be DULL without breating and heart rate, meDULLa

Question 17

Pons

Answer 17

role in movement, auditory perception, emotional processing

Question 18

Midbrain

Answer 18

Tectum

Tegmentum

Question 19

Tectum

Answer 19

a. Superior Colliculi: eye movements and visual reflexes
i. Eyes are your superior sense
Inferior Colliculi: auditory integration

Question 20

Tegmentum

Answer 20

a. Red Nucleus: Motor Control
i. Red – stop sign – motor control
b. Substantia Nigra: reward related behaviours
Substance addiction – dopamine rush – reward seeking

Question 21

Forebrain

Answer 21

Harry Potter Touches A Horcrux

Question 22

Hypothalamus

Answer 22

4 f’s, fight, flight, feeding, reproduction

HYPE – when you get hyped up, heart rate speeds up – need to be alert

Question 23

Pituitary

Answer 23

a. Anterior: releases stimulating hormones to regulate other important endocrine glands
b. Posterior: releases oxytocin and vasopressin
A is before P, anterior is rostral to posterior

Question 24

Thalamus

Answer 24

processes and relays the information selectively to areas of cerebral cortex

Question 25

Amydala

Answer 25

receives sensory info, plays a role in decoding emotions | Angry Amy, get scared of her, fear

Question 26

Hippocampus

Answer 26

involved in the process of memory | You would never FORGET if you saw a HIPPO on CAMPUS

Question 27

Oxytocin

Answer 27

basic physiological functions like lactation, role in bonding, love and trust

Question 28

Vasopressin

Answer 28

regulates level of thirst

Question 29

Cerebral Cortex

Answer 29

ultimate control and information processing center

Question 30

Gyrus

Answer 30

ridge on cortex, bulge outward

Question 31

Sulcus

Answer 31

indent or gap between cortex

Question 32

Frontal Lobe

Answer 32

front of cortex, leading you and planning what you're doing - Motor processing - Decision making and higher order thought - Language - Inhibition - Manipulation of items in short term memory

Question 33

Parietal Lobe

Answer 33

primarily touch, also involved with processing visual information

Question 34

Temporal Lobe

Answer 34

auditory processing and advanced visual processing | - Temples are near ears but closer to eyes

Question 35

Occipital Lobe

Answer 35

responsible for visual processing | - Sounds like optical, eyes

Question 36

Brain Lateralization

Answer 36

function specialized to one side of the brain

Question 37

Dissociation

Answer 37

damage in a particular area of the brain but not other, produces a specific behavioural defect

Question 38

Broca's Area

Answer 38

vital for motor production of speech

Question 39

Wernickes Area

Answer 39

important for language comprehension

Question 40

Corpus Callosum

Answer 40

passes info from one side of the brain to the other very quickly

Question 41

Split Brain Syndrome

Answer 41

having 2 independently operating hemispheres