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Psychology > Psychological Disorders > Flashcards

Psychological Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

Psychological Disorders History

A

> no effective treatment until late 1800’s
ex. Trephination (holes in skull to release evil)
bone regrowth if were able to live
mental institutions weren’t effective (like prison)
Pinel unchained mentally ill

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2
Q

Mental Illness

A

> deviation from statistical norms
deviation from social norms
behavior harmful to others (maladaptive)
personal distress
no single definition (social norms not universal)

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3
Q

Medical Students Disease

A

> students convinced they have disorder studying

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4
Q

Neurosis

A

> diminish quality of life, but can get by
lack insight to problem
same personality

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5
Q

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

A

> no good reason for constant distress

>treatment usually very effective

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6
Q

Phobias

A

> highly specific
debilitating
treatable through systematic desensitization

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7
Q

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

A

> reoccurring unwanted neg thoughts (drive ritualistic behavior)
obsessive vs. compulsions
ex. germs vs. hand washing
symmetry vs. fix objects

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8
Q

Brain Imaging

A

> brain literally works faster than should in frontal lobe

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9
Q

Dissociative Identity Disorder

Multiple Personality

A

> split in consciousness and memory (rare, from extreme abuse)
consciousness split into separate identities
only one personality remembers abuse
can be cured after years

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10
Q

Dissociative Identity Disorder Examples

A

> person exhibits 2+ alternating personalities
Sizemore saw death as a child
Milligan was abused by father

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11
Q

Somatoform Disorders

A

1) conversion disorder
2) hypochondria
>anxiety affects body

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12
Q

Conversion Disorder

A

> psych conditions manifest as physical condition
(movement, speech, hear, sight)
ex. Anna O - Freud

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13
Q

Hypochondria

A

> fear w/health and illnesses
lack physical symptoms, react to norm body functions
can be caused by stress

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14
Q

Affective Disorders

A

> emotional extremes

1) depressive disorder, most frequent
2) bipolar disorder

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15
Q

Bipolar Disorder

A

> AKA manic-depressive disorder (depression/mania)
depressive symptoms: neg self defeating thoughts, misplaced anger, pessimistic
manic symptoms: can be psychotic, bad long-term decisions
swings from no brain activity to tons
treatable

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16
Q

Psychosis

A

> serious impairment of perception, cognition, or emotion
delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech
severe, lose touch w/reality, lack insight to problem
change personality
can’t answer basic questions
ex. schizophrenia, depression, bipolar, abuse/withdraw

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17
Q

Schizophrenia

Who Gets

A

> young people as mature
equal opportunity disease
men suffer from it more severely

18
Q

Schizophrenia

Symptoms

A

1) though disorders (disorganized/loose association)
2) delusions (false irrational beliefs)
3) hallucinations (disturbed perception)
4) inappropriate emotions/actions

19
Q

Schizophrenia

Disorganized and Delusional Thinking

A

> no obvious connection between sentences

>statements do not make sense

20
Q

Schizophrenia

Disturbed Perceptions

A

> frequently auditory

>lesser visual, somatosensory, olfactory, or gustatory

21
Q

Schizophrenia

Catatonic State

A

> sit/stand in weird position for hours

>schizophrenia patients

22
Q

Four Types of Schizophrenia

A

1) disorganized
2) catatonic
3) paranoid
4) undifferentiated

23
Q

Disorganized

Four Types of Schizophrenia

A

> disrupted thought/speech, inappropriate emotions

24
Q

Catatonic

Four Types of Schizophrenia

A

> unusual physical symptoms

repeated motions/frozen

25
Q

Paranoid

Four Types of Schizophrenia

A

> delusions of grandeur: inflated sense of importance

>delusions of persecution: fear someone is trying to harm them

26
Q

Undifferentiated

Four Types of Schizophrenia

A

> overlapping symptoms of other categories

27
Q

Schizophrenia

Causes

A

> heredity (higher risk if closer to someone with)
high dopamine levels
environment/stress
lose brain cells if don’t respond to treatment

28
Q

*The Diathesis-Stress Model of Mental Illness

A

> some people have genetic potential for disease
if exposed to stress, can trigger disease
common for many diseases

29
Q

Catatonic Rats

A

> injected w/drugs to elevate dopamine levels

>result: can hang stiff rats

30
Q

Amphetamines

A

> people who use show symptoms as schizophrenics

>schizophrenia is a cycle (don’t use amphetamines while in remission)

31
Q

Phenothiazines

A

> dopamine blockers (block receptor sites)

>not a cure, can manage symptoms

32
Q

Schizophrenia

The Environment

A

> stress in childhood
adoption into healthy environment lowers risk
environmental stress transforms potential into actual disease

33
Q

*Major Depressive Disorder

A

> depression is “common cold” psych disorders
most common vs. underestimates severity
have to rule out other variables
neg mood state (may show other symptoms on list)

34
Q

Depression and Suicide

A

> U.S. Army lost more to suicide than war in Iraq and Afghanistan
NKY had 279 suicides in a year
suicide more frequent than homicide

35
Q

Suicide

A

> occurs more w/age
women more likely to be depressed
older males more successful at attempts

36
Q

Depression

Biological Perspective

A

> runs in family
imbalance of neurotransmitters
potential drug therapies
biology alone can not explain

37
Q

Beck’s Cognitive Theory

A

> result of maladaptive cognitive patters
stress environment - neg explanatory style - depressed - cognitive/behavioral changes
.offers place to break cycle

38
Q

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI)

Medication + Psychotherapy = Best Treatment

A

> ex. Prozac, Lexapro, Paxil, Celexa

39
Q 
Tricyclic Antidepressants (SNRI)
(Medication + Psychotherapy = Best Treatment)
A

> side effects

40
Q

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI)

A

> originally for tuberculosis
didn’t help, but increased mood
reacts w/certain food (side effects)

41
Q

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

A

> volts to brain stimulate production of neurotransmitters (reboot)
used as last resort
procedure lasts 10 min, 1 min seizure
some pregnant women use

42
Q

Good News About Abnormal Psych

A

> some can be cured
most improved w/therapy
medications manage symptoms
majority can lead independent lives

Psychology (12 decks)

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