psychodynamic approach 1900s Flashcards

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1
Q

who created the psychodynamic approach

A

freud

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2
Q

what is the psyche made up of

A

id, ego and superego

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3
Q

what causes adult personalities and problems

A

childhood experiences, unresolved unconscious conflict and imbalanced psyche

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4
Q

what is the personality trait of the id

A

selfish, pleasure-seeking, unconscious

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5
Q

what is the personality trait of the ego

A

rational, conscious

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6
Q

what is the personality trait of the superago

A

moral, social unconscious

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7
Q

an id dominate individual

A

self-destructive, anti-social, immoral during childhood, psychopathic in adulthood

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8
Q

a superego dominate individual

A

places severe social constraints on themselves, leading to excess guilt and anxiety. they are viewed as rigid and & self-righteous

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9
Q

what are the 3 psychosexual development stages?

A

oral stage 0-1 yrs
anal stage 1-3 yrs
phallic stage 3-6 yrs

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10
Q

what is latency

A

earlier conflicts that are repressed

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11
Q

what is the genital stage

A

sexual desires become conscious alongside the onset of puberty

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12
Q

consequence of unresolved conflict in genital stage

A

difficulty forming heterosexual relationships

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13
Q

consequence of oral

A

oral fixation - smoking, biting nails, sarcastic, critical

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14
Q

consequence of anal

A

anal retentive - perfectionist, obsessive

anal expulsive - thoughtless, messy

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15
Q

consequence on phallic

A

phallic personality - narcissistic, reckless, possibly homosexual

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16
Q

what is the ego defence mechanism

A

reduces anxiety and protects the ego - unconscious at the time being used

17
Q

what is denial

A

refusal to accept reality

18
Q

what is repression

A

burying the problem into our unconsciousness

19
Q

what is displacement

A

our problems get channelled onto something else

20
Q

real word application

A
strength
introduced idea of psychotherapy
psychoanalysis
first attempt to treat mental disorders psychologically rather than physically
help modern therapies
21
Q

real world application counterpoint

A

psychanalysis regarded as inappropriate and possibly harmful for some more serious mental disorders
eg schizophrenia - paranoia and delusional thinking causing them to lose a grip of reality

22
Q

untestable concepts

A

limitation
untestable
does not meet scientific criterion of falsification as it is not open to empirical testing
occur at an unconscious level
based on a subjective study of little hans

23
Q

freud - little hans - method

A

study of a child called Hans who had a phobia of horses, was observed by his father who made notes of Hans’s dreams and what he said

24
Q

freud - results

A

Hans was afraid of horses because he thought they might bite him or fall on him - during the study he developed an interest in his penis - his mum had told him not to play with it or she would cut it oof
Hans told his dad about a dream where he was married to his mum and his dad was now his grandfather

25
Q

freud - conclusion

A

interpreted that hans reached the phallic stage
his fear of horses is an example of displacement - a defence mechanism that protect him from his real fear of his father
Hans suffered from castration anxiety - this was symbolised by Hans’s fear that the horse would bite him

26
Q

freud - evaluation

A

case study - lots of detailed data about one subject however it cannot be generalised
results were based entirely on observation and interpretation - cause and effect relationship cannot be established
before the study, Hans had been frightened by a horse falling down in the street which would explain his fear of them
Freud analysed the information so the results could be biased