psychodynamic approach

Question 1

psychodynamic approach

Answer 1

most of our behaviour is driven by unconscious thoughts from our childhood and experiences as a human

Question 2

the mind

Answer 2

unconscious holds biological drives and instincts. threatening memories can be repressed. the new preconscious holds thoughts and memories

Question 3

id

Answer 3

unconscious. made up of selfish instincts that demand immediate gratification
dominant at birth

Question 4

ego

Answer 4

reality check - balances the conflicting demands of id and superego
develops at age 2

Question 5

superego

Answer 5

moral - represents ideal self and how we ought to be.
develops at 5

Question 6

psychosexual stages

Answer 6

child development happens in 5 stages. at each stage there is a conflict to be resolved. unresolved conflict influences behaviour in later life

Question 7

psychosexual stages order

Answer 7

oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

Question 8

oral stage

Answer 8

age 0-1. focus of pleasure in the mouth. mothers breast is object of desire
fixation = smoking,nail biting, sarcasm

Question 9

anal stage

Answer 9

age 1-3. focus of pleasure in the anus pleasure from withholding and expelling faeces
retentive = perfectionist, obsession
expulsive = thoughtless, messy

Question 10

phallic stage

Answer 10

3-5 years. focus of pleasure in genitals. child experiences oedipus or electra complex
phallic personality - narcissistic, reckless, gay?

Question 11

latency

Answer 11

earlier conflicts are repressed

Question 12

genital

Answer 12

sexual desires become conscious.
unresolved conflict = difficulty forming straight relationships

Question 13

oedipus complex

Answer 13

boys develop unconscious sexual desires for mum and hatred for dad. fear dad will castrate them do repress feelings and identify with dad.

Question 14

electra complex

Answer 14

girls had feelings for dad and develop penis envy and become jealous of mum, to cope with this they have a desire to have kids

Question 15

little hans

Answer 15

5 year old boy developed phobia of bourses and freud said this was because he repressed fear for him dad

Question 16

defence mechanisms

Answer 16

strategies to reduce anxiety

Question 17

repression

Answer 17

unpleasant memory pushed to unconscious mind so does not cause anxiety however still affects behaviour in unconscious

Question 18

denial

Answer 18

refusing to accept the reality of a situation. reduced anxiety

Question 19

displacement

Answer 19

emotions are expressed onto another person or object. reduces anxiety as can express emotions

Question 20

positive of psychodynamic approach

Answer 20

freida ideas still used by therapists today which suggest it had validity. also cs from freuds work shows his patients made recovery (little hans at 19)

Question 21

negative of psychodynamic approach

Answer 21

ideas are difficult to test for reliability as much of evidence comes from cs which can’t be generalised to the whole pop making his ideas lack scientific cred