humanistic approach Flashcards
self concept
the way we perceive ourselves
ideal self
the way we want to be > self actualisation
congruence
similarity between the ideal self and self concept
incongruence
when the two do not match making it impossible to reach self actualisation
conditions of worth
when a parent places boundaries on their love of their kids. eg “i will only love you if you study medicine”
unconditional positive regard
acceptance and support of a person regardless of what they say and do
hierarchy of needs
basic psychological needs must be met before anything higher can be achieved. Maslow wanted to see what motivated peoples. there are 5 levels
level one of hierarchy - physiological needs
basic needs eg food/ water
level two - safety needs
security such as employment, family, and property.
level three - belonging
friendships and relationships
level 4 - esteem
self esteem/ confidence. respect, achievement
level 5 - self actualisation
primary goal, mortality/ creativity
humanistic approach
an approach to understanding behaviour that emphasises the importance of subjective experience and each persons capacity of self determinism.
supports free will.
order of the hierarchy
People - physiological needs
Should - safety
Beleive - belonging
Everyones - esteem
Special - self actualisation
Carl Rogers
we are motivated to self actualise. in order to reach this we must be in a state of congruence
client centered therapy
to manage common concerns such as low self esteem which can be explained by a lack of unconditional positive regard.
+ humanistic approach
not reductionist > rejects to break up behaviour > behaviourists explain behaviour in simple stimulus response > cognitive sees us as processing machines > freud said mind was conflicting unconscious thought > humanists advocate holism > more validity as considered human life as meaningful in real world context
+ humanism
positive approach > praised for bringing the person back into psych and positive image of the human > freud saw us as prisoners of past > humanistic psych sees us as basically good > free to have full potential > offers fresh optimism to psych
- humanism
culture bias > personal growth many be associated w western culture and individual tendency’s > countries who emphasise groups may not find hierarchy of needs important. approach can to be applied universally
