Psych History Flashcards
The view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation
Empiricism
An early school of psychology that used introspection to explore the structural elements of the human mind
Structuralism
A school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral process function- how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish
Functionalism
The study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method
Experimental psychology
The view that psychology 1) should be an objective science that 2) studies behavior without reference to mental process. Most research psychologists today agree with 1) but not 2)
Behaviorism
Historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth of potential of healthy people and the individuals potential for personal growth
Human psychology
The interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language)
Cognitive neuroscience
The science of behavior and mental processes
Psychology
The longstanding controversy over the relative contributions that genes and experience make to the development of psychological traits and behaviors arising from the interaction of nature and nurture
Nature-nurture issue
The principle that among the range of inherited trait variations, those contributing to reproduction and survival will most likely be passed on to succeeding generations
Natural selection
The differing complementary views, from biological to psychological to social-cultural, for analyzing any given phenomenon
Level of analysis
An integrated approach that incorporates biological psychological and social-cultural levels of analysis
Biopsychosocial approach
A branch of psychology that studies the links between biological and psychological process
Biological psychology
The study of the roots of behavior and mental process using the principles of natural selection
Evolutionary psychology
A branch of psychology that studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior, and uses that information to treat people with psychological disorders
Psychodynamic psychology
The scientific study of observable behavior, and it’s explanation by principles of learning
Behavioral psychology
The scientific study of all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating
Cognitive psychology
The study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking
Social- cultural psychology
The scientific study of the measurement of human abilities attitudes and traits
Psychometrics
Pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge base
Basic research
The scientific study of physical cognitive and social change throughout the life span
Developmental psychology
The study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning
Educational psychology
The study of an individual’s characteristic pattern of feeling thinking and acting
Personal psychology
The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another
Social psychology
Scientific study that aims to solve practical problems
Applied research
The application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces
Industrial organizational psychology
The study of how people and machines interact and the design of safe and easily used machines and environments
Human factors psychology
A branch of psychology that assists people with problems in loving and in achieving greater well being
Counseling psychology
A branch that studies assesses and treats people with psychological disorders
Clinical psychology
A branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who often provide medical treatments as well as psychological therapy
Psychiatry
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