14 Flashcards
The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another
Social psychology
The theory that we explain someone’s behavior by crediting either the situation or the persons disposition
Attribution theory
The tendency for observers, when analyzing another’s behavior, tell underestimate the impact of the situation and overestimate the impact of personal disposition
Fundamental attribution error
Feelings, often influenced by the lease, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and event
Attitude
Attitude change path in which interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thought
Central route persuasion
Attitude change path in which people are influenced by incidental cues. Such as the speakers attractiveness
Peripheral route persuasion
The tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request
Foot in the door phenomenon
The set of expectations about a social position, defining how those in the position to have
Role
The theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts are inconsistent
Cognitive dissonance theory
Adjusting one’s behavior or thinking to coincide with the group standard
Conformity
Influence resulting from a personal desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval
Normative social influence
Influence resulting from one’s willingness to except others opinions about reality
Informational social influence
Strong responses on simple Or well learned tasks in the presence of others
Social facilitation
The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their effort towards attaining a common goal then when individually accountable
Social Loafing
The loss of self awkwardness and self restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity
Deindividuation
The enhancement of a groups for availing incarnations through discussion with in the group
Group polarization
The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in the decision-making group overrides the realistic appraisal of alternatives
Groupthink
The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people and transmitted from one generation to the
Culture
And understood rule for excepted and expected behavior.
Norm
The buffer zone we like to maintain around our bodies
Personal space
And unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members
Prejudiced
Generalized believe about a group of people
Stereotyped
Unjustifiable negative behavior towards her group and its members
Discrimination
Us – people with whom we share a common identity
Ingroup
Them – those perceived as different or apart from our own group
Outgroup
The tendency to favor her own group
In group bias
The theory that prejudice offers an it outlet for anger by providing someone to blame
Scapegoat theory
The tendency to recall faces of one’s own race more accurately than faces of other races also called the cross-race effect
Other face effect
The tendency for people to believe The world is just about people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get
Just world phenomenon
Any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy
Aggression
The principle that frustration – the blocking of an attempt to achieve some goal – create anger, was going to generate aggression
Frustration – aggression principle
The phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them
Mere exposure effect
And arousal state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship
Passionate love
The deep affection an attachment that we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined
Compassion and love
A condition in which people receive from a relationship in proportion to what they give to it
Equity
Revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others
Self disclosure
Unselfish regard for the welfare of others
Altruism
The tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if another bystanders are present
Bystander effect
The theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize benefits and minimize costs
Social exchange theory
And expectation that people will help, not hurt those who have helped them
Reciprocity theory
And expectation that people will help those dependent upon them
Social responsibility norm
I perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas
Conflict
Situation in which the conflicting parties, but each rationally pursuing their self interest, become cock and mutually destructive behavior
Social trap
Mutual views often held back in for two people, as when each side sees itself as ethical and peaceful and views the other side as evil and aggressive
Mirror image perceptions
A belief that leads to its own for filament
Self for filling prophecy
Shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation
Superordinate goals
Graduated and reciprocated initiatives in tension reduction
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