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First Aid 2014 > PSYCH 510-512 > Flashcards

PSYCH 510-512 Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 disorders are on a differential of a patient with unexplained symptoms of complaints?

A
  1. Somatoform disorder
  2. Factitious disorder
  3. Malingering
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2
Q

What distinguishes somatoform disorder from factitious disorder and malingering?

A

In somatoform disorder, there is no conscious attempt to deceive

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3
Q

What is the difference between factitious disorder vs. malingering?

A

Factitious disorder - chief goal is psychological (primary) gain

Malingering - chief goal is external (secondary) gain; complaints cease after receiving gain

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4
Q

Explain psychological vs. external gain.

A

Psychological - to assume sick role and get medical attention

External - EX. avoiding work, obtaining compensation

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5
Q

What characterizes Munchausen syndrome?

A

Chronic factitious disorder with:

  1. Predominantly physical signs and symptoms
  2. Multiple hospital admissions
  3. Willingness to receive invasive procedures
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6
Q

How is Munchausen syndrome by proxy distinct from Munchausen syndrome?

A

Motivation is to assume a sick role by proxy - when illness in a child or elderly patient is caused by the caregiver; form of child/elder abuse

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7
Q

What characterizes somatoform disorders?

A

Physical symptoms with no identifiable physical cause and the symptoms are not intentionally produced or feigned (unconsciously driven)

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8
Q

Are somatoform disorders more common in men or women?

A

Women

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9
Q

What are three types of somatoform disorders?

A
  1. Somatic symptom disorder
  2. Conversion disorder
  3. Illness anxiety disorder (hypochondriasis)
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10
Q

What is hypochondriasis?

A

Preoccupation with and fear of having a serious illness despite medical evaluation and reassurance

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11
Q

Give 3 characteristics of somatic symptom disorder.

A
  1. Complaints in one or more organ systems
  2. Lasts for months to years
  3. Excessive, persistent thoughts and anxiety about symptoms
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12
Q

What is conversion disorder?

A

Sudden loss of sensory or motor function often following an acute stressor

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13
Q

What is la bell indifference and what disorder is it associated with?

A

Conversion disorder - patient is aware of but sometimes indifferent toward symptoms

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14
Q

What age/gender is conversion disorder often associated with?

A

Adolescents and young adults

Women

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15
Q

What is a personality trait?

A

An enduring, repetitive pattern of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and oneself

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16
Q

What are the three clusters of personality disorder and how would you generally categorize their symptoms?

A

A, B, C - think Weird (accusatory, aloof, awkward), Wild (bad to the bone), Worried (cowardly, compulsive, clingy)

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17
Q

How is a personality disorder distinct from a personality trait?

A

Causes subjective distress and/or impaired functioning

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18
Q

What are the 3 types of Cluster A personality disorders?

A

Paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal

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19
Q

Cluster A has a genetic association to what disorder?

A

Schizophrenia

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20
Q

What are some of the general characteristics of Cluster A personality?

A
  1. Odd or eccentric
  2. Inability to develop meaningful social relationships
  3. No psychosis
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21
Q

Describe paranoid personality disorder.

A

Pervasive distrust and suspiciousness

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22
Q

What is the major defense mechanism of patients with paranoid personality disorder?

A

Projection

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23
Q

Describe schizoid personality disorder.

A

Voluntary social withdrawal, limited emotional expression, content with social isolation

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24
Q

Describe schizotypal personality disorder.

A

Eccentric appearance, odd beliefs or magical thinking, interpersonal awkwardness

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25
Q

What are some general characteristics of Cluster B personality?

A

Dramatic, emotional, or erratic

26
Q

Cluster B has a genetic association to what disorder?

A

Mood disorders and substance abuse

27
Q

What are the 4 types of Cluster B personality disorder?

A
  1. Antisocial
  2. Borderline
  3. Histrionic
  4. Narcissistic
28
Q

Describe antisocial personality disorder.

A

Disregard for and violation of rights of others, criminality, impulsivitiy

29
Q

To be diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder, what age must the patient be?

A

> 18 and must have history of conduct disorder before age 15

If patient is < 18, then conduct disorder

30
Q

Is antisocial personality disorder more common in men or women?

A

Men

31
Q

Describe borderline personality disorder.

A

Unstable mood and interpersonal relationships, impulsiveness, self-mutilation, boredom, sense of emptiness

32
Q

Is borderline disorder more common in men or women?

A

Women

33
Q

What is the major defense mechanism in borderline disorder?

A

Splitting

34
Q

Describe histrionic personality disorder.

A

Excessive emotionality and excitability, attention seeking, sexually provocative, overly concerned with appearance

35
Q

Describe narcissistic personality disorder.

A

Grandiosity, sense of entitlement, lacks empathy, requires excessive admiration, often demands the best, reacts to criticism with rage

36
Q

What is the predominant emotion in Cluster C personality disorders?

A

Anxiety or fear

37
Q

What are the three Cluster C personality disorders?

A

Avoidant, obsessive-compulsive, dependent

38
Q

Cluster C personality disorders are genetically associated with what class of disorders?

A

Anxiety disorders

39
Q

Describe avoidant personality disorder.

A

Hypersensitive to rejection, socially inhibited, timid, feelings of inadequacy, desires relationships with others

40
Q

How can you distinguish avoidant personality disorder from schizoid?

A

Patients with avoidant personality disorder desire relationships with others

41
Q

Describe obsessive-compulsive disorder.

A

Preoccupation with order, perfectionism, and control

42
Q

Describe dependent personality disorder.

A

Submissive, clinging, excessive need to be taken care of, low self-confidence

43
Q

How is obsessive-compulsive disorder different from OCD?

A

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is ego-syntonic (behavior is consistent with one’s own beliefs and attitudes (vs. OCD).

44
Q

Distinguish the three disorders in the schizophrenia spectrum by time course.

A

< 1 month: brief psychotic disorder (usually stress related)
1 - 6 months: schizophreniform disorder
> 6 months: schizophrenia

45
Q

What are the 2 types of eating disorders?

A
  1. Anorexia nervosa

2. Bulimia nervosa

46
Q

Describe anorexia nervosa.

A

Mnemonic: ANOREXIA

Amenorrhea 
Not eating
Osteopenia/osteoporosis
Really fine body hair (lanugo)
Electrolyte disturbance
Xercise
Image (body) distortion
Anemia
47
Q

Describe bulimia nervosa.

A

Mnemonic: BULIMIA

Binge eating
Uncovered teeth (enamel erosion)
Laxatives, diuretics, emetics
Induced vomiting
Morphed skin (dorsal hand calluses)
Inflammed parotid (parotitis)
Alkalosis
48
Q

What is gender dysphoria?

A

Strong persistent cross-gender identification that is characterized by persistent discomfort, distress, and impaired functioning

49
Q

How is transvestism different from transsexualism?

A

Transvestism is a type of paraphilia (intense sexual arousal to atypical objects, situations, or individuals) and just involves wearing clothes of the opposite sex

Transsexualism is marked by a desire to live as the opposite sex

50
Q

What are the 4 types of sexual dysfunction disorders?

A
  1. Sexual desire disorders
  2. Sexual arousal disorders
  3. Orgasmic disorders
  4. Sexual pain disorders
51
Q

What is on your DDX along with sexual dysfunction disorders?

A

Drugs (antihypertensives, neuroleptics, SSRIs, ethanol), diseases (depression, diabetes, STDs), psychological (performance anxiety)

52
Q

Give 2 examples of sexual desire disorders.

A
  1. Hypoactive sexual desire

2. Sexual aversion

53
Q

What type of disorder is erectile dysfunction?

A

Sexual arousal disorder

54
Q

Give 2 examples of orgasmic disorders.

A
  1. Anorgasmia

2. Premature ejaculation

55
Q

Give 2 examples of sexual pain disorders.

A
  1. Dyspareunia

2. Vaginismus

56
Q

What is sleep terror disorder?

A

Periods of terror with screaming in the middle of the night

57
Q

Sleep terror disorder is more common in children or adults?

A

Children

58
Q

During what phase of sleep does sleep terror occur?

A

Slow-wave, non-REM

59
Q

What causes a sleep terror?

A

Unknown - triggers may include emotional stress, fever, or lack of sleep

60
Q

How is a sleep terror distinguished from a nightmare?

A

Sleep terrors occur during non-REM sleep (no memory of arousal) vs. nightmares that occur during REM sleep (memory of a scary dream)

First Aid 2014 (24 decks)

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