Psych 2ap3- oct 3rd Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the experiment for habituation/dishabituation

A

presenting them with a repeated boring stimulus, and then surprising them with something new. This is called dishabituating

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2
Q

What is the newborn externality effect

A

newborns look at the outside perimeter/contour of an object the most

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3
Q

How does experience impact perception in new borns?

A

As newborns grow, their experience fine tunes perception

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4
Q

What evidence suggests experience fine tunes perception?

A
  1. newborns dishabituated only to caucasian faces as they got older
  2. new borns stopped differentiating between the monkey’s and only could differentiate between human faces
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5
Q

What about auditory input? Can infants differentiate between that

A

yes

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6
Q

What evidence suggests infants can differentiate between auditory input?

A

phenomenal discrimination, presented with “ba” and once they got used to it, they dishabituated to “pa”

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7
Q

How old babies can discriminate phonemes?

A

1-4 month olds

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8
Q

What is an example from the powerpoint of fine tune perception?

A

Japanese babies aged 10-12 months lost ability to differentiate between law and ra because “r” sound does not exist in Japanese (fine tuned perception)

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9
Q

What are two different types of tests done towards infants to operatively condition them? What was their reward?

A
  1. high amplitude sucking (pacifier) test
  2. conditioned head turn
    reward: hearing a particular song they have a preference for
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10
Q

What do infants prefer to hear in 4-6 months of age?

A

natural pauses and consonant over dissonant tones

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11
Q

What do infants prefer to hear in 9-12 months of age?

A

Musical scales and rhythms of own culture (eg: Indian music)

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12
Q

Why do infants prefer music of own culture?

A

Familiarity

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13
Q

How do infants take in/interpret multiple different sensory inputs?

A

They pick up on information that comes from multiple senses all at once, to make it into a bigger picture

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14
Q

What is a disorder that is similar to how infants experience sensory input?

A

synesthesia

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15
Q

How do infants also show signs of synthesia?

A
  • associated “kiwi” with sharper object due to its sharp sound
  • stared at the pacifier that was in their own mouth longer
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16
Q

Why do infants need synesthesia?

A

Because one sensory input is not enough, they need multiple senses to make sense of it

17
Q

How did infants habituate to an emotion with varying levels of information at 4 months, 5 months, and 7 months?

A

4: needed both visual and audio
5: could use visual and audio combined or audio only
7: could use visual and audio combined, or audio only, or visual only

18
Q

During covid, what is an example of people having to use multi sensory input?

A

Deaf people could not understand other people who had their mask on because they couldn’t see their face and usually rely on reading their lips