PSYCH 221 CH 9 Flashcards
pure (true) altruism
action intended solely to benefit another and thus not to gain external or internal reward
mood management hypothesis
the idea that people use helping tactically to manage their moods
personal norms
the internalized beliefs and values that combine to form a persons inner standards for behaviors
empathic concern
compassionate feelings caused by taking the perspective of a needy other
social responsibility norm
the societal rule that people should help those who need them to help
diffusion of responsibility
the tendency for each group member to dilute personal responsibility for acting by spreading it among all other group members
inclusive fitness
the survival of ones genes in ones own offspring and in any relatives one helps
prosocial behavior
action intended to benefit another
arousal/cost- reward model
the view the observers of a victims suffering will want to help in order to relieve their own personal distress
perspective taking
the process of mentally putting oneself in anthers position
bystander effect
the tendency of a bystander to be less likely to help in an emergency if there are other onlookers present
pluralistic ignorance
the mistaken impression on the part of group members that, b/c no one else is acting concerned, there is no cause for alarm
reciprocal aid
helping that occurs in return for prior help
empathy-altruism hypothesis
the presumption that when one empathizes with the plight of another, one will want to help that other for purely altruistic reasons
