Psych 12 Flashcards
EMOTIONS
a response of the whole organism, involving (1) physiological arousal, (2) expressive behaviors, and (3) conscious experience
Emotion
the theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli
James-Lange Theory
the theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1) physiological responses and (2) the subjective experience of emotion
Cannon-Bard Theory
the Schachter-Singer theory that to experience emotion one must (1) be physically aroused and (2) cognitively label the arousal
Two-Factor Theory
a machine, commonly used in attempts to detect lies, that measures several of the physiological responses accompanying emotion (such as perspiration and cardiovascular and breathing changes)
Polygraph
the tendency of facial muscle states to trigger corresponding feelings such as fear, anger, or happiness
Facial Feedback Effect
the tendency of behavior to influence our own and othersâ thoughts, feelings, and actions
Behavior Feedback Effect
the idea that âreleasingâ aggressive energy (through action or fantasy) relieves aggressive urges
Catharsis
peopleâs tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood
Feel-Good, Do-Good Phenomenon
the scientific study of human flourishing, with the goals of discovering and promoting strengths and virtues that help individuals and communities to thrive
Positive Psychology
self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with life. Used along with measures of objective well-being (for example, physical and economic indicators) to evaluate peopleâs quality of life.
Subjective Well-Being
tendency to form judgments relative to a âneutralâ level (ex: brightness of lights, volume of sounds, level of income). Defined by our prior experience
Adaption-Level Phenomenon
the perception that one is worse off relative to those with whom one compares oneself
Relative Deprivation
the process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, that we appraise as threatening or challenging
Stress
Selyeâs concept of the bodyâs adaptive response to stress in three phasesâalarm, resistance, exhaustion.
General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)
under stress, people (especially women) often provide support to others (tend) and bond with and seek support from others (befriend)
Tend and Befriend
a subfield of psychology that provides psychologyâs contribution to behavioral medicine
Health Psychology
the study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes together affect the immune system and resulting health
Psychoneuralimmunology
the clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle; the leading cause of death in many developed countries
Coronary Heart Disease
Friedman and Rosenmanâs term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people
Type A
Friedman and Rosenmanâs term for easygoing, relaxed people
Type B
alleviating stress using emotional, cognitive, or behavioral methods
Coping
Attempting to alleviate stress directly by changing the stressor or the way we interact with that stressor.
Problem-Focused Coping
attempting to alleviate stress by avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to oneâs stress reaction
Emotion-Focused Coping
our sense of controlling our environment rather than feeling helpless
Personal Control
the hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or human learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events
Learned Helplessness
the perception that chance or outside forces beyond your personal control determine your fate.
External Locus of Control
The perception that you control your own fate
Internal Locus of Control
The ability to control impulses and delay short-term gratification for greater longer-term rewards
Self-Control
sustained exercise that increases heart and lung fitness; may also alleviate depression and anxiety
Aerobic Exercise
a reflective practice in which people attend to current experiences in a nonjudgmental and accepting manner
Mindfulness Meditation
