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MK REVIEW > PSYC. DRUGS > Flashcards

PSYC. DRUGS Flashcards

1
Q

ALL PSYC. DRUGS CAUSE _____ and ______.

A

Low BP and Weight Change.

Most psyc. drugs make you gain weight, but prozac will make you lose weight.

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2
Q

Describe PhenothiaZINES

A
  • 1st generation or typical antipsychotics all end in “ ZINE”
  • “We use “ZINES” for the Zaney”
  • Considered Major Tranquilizers
  • ACTION: they do not cure, only < symptoms.
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3
Q

In large doses PhenothiaZINES are considered?

A

Antipsychotics.

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4
Q

In small doses PhenothiaZINES are considered?

A

Antiemetic

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5
Q

Major tranquillizers have major side effects. What are they?

THINK: ABCDEFG

A
  • Anticholinergic (dry mouth).
  • Blurred Vision
  • Constipation
  • Drowsiness
  • EPS - extra parametal syndrome
  • Fhoto-sensitivity
  • A - Granulo-cytosis (< WBC - immunosuppressed.
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6
Q

What should the nurse do when the Pt is experiencing normal side effects to Major tranquilizers?

A

Action:
Teach pt.
Inform Doc
Administer Pill

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7
Q

How should the nurse care for a Pt. having toxic effects to a major tranquilizer?

A

Hold Med

Call Doc

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8
Q

What is the #1 diagnosis for TX. of side effects for blurred vision, drowsiness, and EPS

A

Risk for injury - safety issues

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9
Q

Define Decanoate

A
  • It means long acting!
  • “D” will often be after the name of a drug.
  • I .M. form given to non-compliant clients.
  • Often court ordered
  • Pt. gets Prolixin mthly injections at clinic.
  • If non-compliant, clinic will call police.
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10
Q

Describe Tricycline

A

Old class of drugs that have been grandfathered into a new class NSSRI’s.

Mood elevators used to tx. depression “ Happy Pills”
“ Elavil, Tofranil, Ativil, Deseril”

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11
Q

What are the name of the 4 mood elevators used to TX, depression?

A

“Elavil, Tofranil, Ativil, Deseril”

Remember “Elavil Elevates”

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12
Q

What are the side effects of Tricycline Antidepressants such as Elavil, Tofranil, Ativil, Deseril?

Think:ABCDE

A
  • Anticholinergic ( dry mouth).
  • Blurred vision
  • Constipation
  • Drowsiness
  • Euphoria
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13
Q

How long do you have to take Tricycline Antidepressants such as Elavil, Tofranil, Ativil, Deseril before they will have therapeutic effects?

A

24hrs

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14
Q

Describe BenodiaZEPines

A
  • Anti-Anxiety Meds
  • Minor tranquilizers
  • Always have ZEP in the name
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15
Q

ZEPS and ZINES are ?

A

Tranquilizers

“ ZINES for the ZANEY” and “ZEPS of the Minors”

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16
Q

Besides Anti Anxiety Med what else can a BenodiaZEPine used for?

A
  • Pre-op to induce anesthesia.
  • Muscle Relaxant
  • Alcohol withdrawl
  • Seizures
  • Help Pt. relax when fighting a ventilator
17
Q

How long does it take for BenodiaZEPines to have a therapeutic effect?

A

They work quickly, but must not take them for 2-4 weeks

18
Q

What is the relationship between an Anti Depressant and a Major Tranquilizer?

A

Anti Depressants works with in 2-4 weeks and you can take it for life.

Major Tranquilizer works immediately, but cannot be on them for more than 2-4 weeks

19
Q

If a pt. comes into the clinic majorly depressed what will the Doctor likely prescribe? What re the side effects?

A

Initially both a Major Tranquilizer and Anti Depressant until the anti depressant kicks in.

Side Effects:

  • Anticholinergic ( dry mouth).
  • Blurred vision
  • Constipation
  • Drowsiness
  • Safety Concern*
20
Q

What is a MAO inhibitor used for? Name 3 of them and their side effects.

A

Antidepressants

Marplan
Nardil
Parnate

Side Effects

  • Anticholinergic ( dry mouth).
  • Blurred vision
  • Constipation
  • Drowsiness
21
Q

What teaching would the nurse implement for a patient taking an MAO inhibitor In order to prevent Acute/Fatal Hypertensive Crisis?

A

MUST AVIOD ALL FOODS WITH TYRAMINE!

Avoid BAR!
Bananas
Avocado
Raisins (dried fruit).

  • No organ meats
  • No Perserved meats
  • No Cheese - EXCEPT Cottage & Mozzarella
  • No Yogurt
  • No Alcohol or Chocolate
  • No over the counter MEDS.
22
Q

Describe Lithium

A
  • Electrolyte
  • Used to TX. Bipolar disorder b/c it decreases Mania.
  • All other PSYC. drugs are “neuromesseruppers”
  • -Stabilize nerve cell membranes
23
Q

What are the 3 side effects of Lithium?

A

Peeing
Pooping
Paresthesia

24
Q

Large does of lithium cause ________ this is a sign of ______?

A
  • Numbness and Tingling

- Decreased Sodium

25
Q

What 3 SandS will the nurse of with Lithium Toxicity?

How would the nurse intervene?

A

Tremors
Metallic Taste
Severe Diarrhea

Hold
Call Doc

> fluids b/c peeing and pooping all the time at risk for FVD.

  • Monitor sodium blood value
  • Give gatorade when sweating
  • Need NS for lithium to work
26
Q

Lithium is toxic when _______?
Lithium is ineffective when ______?
Only way lithium works if ______ is normal.

A
  • Low sodium = Toxic lithium
  • High sodium = Lithium ineffective.
  • Only way lithium will work if sodium is normal.
27
Q

Describe Prozac and its side effects.

A

Selective Serotonin uptake inhibitor - similar to Elavil.

Side effects:

  • Anticholinergic ( dry mouth).
  • Blurred vision
  • Constipation
  • Drowsiness
  • Euphoria
  • Causes insomnia - give b/f noon. Do not give at bedtime.
28
Q

When changing the dose of prozac for adolescents or young adults what do you need to watch for?

A

Suicidal ideations

29
Q

Describe Haldol and its side effects

A
  • Typical 1st generation Anti-Psychotic
  • Decanoate form - long acting IM - similar to thorazine

Side effects:

  • Anticholinergic (dry mouth).
  • Blurred Vision
  • Constipation
  • Drowsiness
  • EPS - extra parametal syndrome
  • Fhoto-sensitivity
  • A Granulocytosis (< WBC - immunosuppressed.
30
Q

What is NMS and who is at greatest risk for developing it?

A

NMS is a Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a life-threatening idiosyncratic reaction to antipsychotic drugs characterized by fever 106-108, but can start at 102, altered mental status, muscle rigidity, and autonomic dysfunction, tremors and anxiety its a medical emergency.

White elderly and young adolescents are at greases risk fr developing NMS.

31
Q

What is the difference between NSM and EPS?

A
  • Both have tremors and anxiety. Only difference is temp!
  • Must take temperature to figure out the difference
  • NMS will ALWAYS have temp.
  • > 102 immediately call EMR usually raises to 106-108.
32
Q

Describe ClonZAPril / CloZAPine

A
  • ZAPS are for the ZANEY!
  • Used to TX. Schizophrenic
  • Meant to replace “ ZINES” and HALDOL
  • Does not have side effects ABCDE, but then after 6mths some pt. can develop A-Granulocytosis - attacks the bone marrow.
  • Therefore must monitor white count.
  • Geadone - blk box warning prolongs Q, T interval and can cause sudden cardiac arrest, so don’t use with heart pt.
  • Zine - typical old time anti psychotic
  • Zapine- new anti psychotic
  • Zep - minor traquillers
    • All tranquilizers
33
Q

Describe Zoloft - Sertraline

A

Zoloft (sertraline) is an antidepressant belonging to a group of drugs called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Sertraline affects chemicals in the brain that may be unbalanced in people with depression, panic, anxiety, or obsessive-compulsive symptoms.

Causes insomina, but can give at bedtimes.

Watch for interactions with St. Johns Wort. Symptoms include:

  • Sweating
  • Apprehension - impending sense of doom
  • Dizziness
  • Headache

Interaction with Warfarin/Coumadin - will bleed out, Coumadin will go toxic watch for bleeding.

MK REVIEW (16 decks)

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