PSCEP Review with Dr. Marcelo Flashcards
A synthetic derivative of ethisterone recommended by DOH to inhibit progestin, androgen, and glucocorticoid for endometriosis
Danazol
The synthetic non-steroidal estrogen banned due to its teratogenic effect of causing vaginal cancer
Diethylstilbestrol
This is the recombinant human IGF-1 used for the treatment of severe IGF-1 deficiency that is not responsive to Growth Hormone
Mecasermin
Most common adverse effect of mecasermin
hypoglycemia
The dopamine agonists commonly utilized to suppress GH secretion in acromegaly.
Cabergoline
Common adverse effect with the long-term use of somatostatin analogs
Cholesterol gallstones
The long-acting octapeptide somatostatin analog
Lanreotide
The novel GH receptor antagonist which prevents GH from activating GH signaling pathways
Pegvisomant
Most widely used somatostatin analog
Octreotide
The initial agonist effect of GnRH administration resulting in increased concentrations of gonadal hormones in males and females during the first 7-10 days
flare
Tumor flares during the initial administration of GnRH analogs can usually be avoided with the concomitant administration of which group of drugs?
Androgen receptor antagonists
ex: flutamide, bicalutamide, nilutamide
Among the androgen receptor antagonists, which one is recommended (to reduce tumor flare) for use in combination with a GnRH analog due to its fewer gastrointestinal side effects
Bicalutamide
The more dangerous toxic effect—usually associated with overdosage—of agents like ergotamine and ergonovine is:
prolonged vasospasm
Vasospasm caused by ergot is refractory to most vasodilators, but infusion of large doses of nitroprusside or nitroglycerin has been successful in some cases.
This is a novel orally bioavailable potent inhibitor of acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase-1 (ACAT-1), which was used to treat atherosclerosis.
Avasimibe
__________ is an inhibitor of cholesteryl ester-transfer protein (CETP) that increases high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. The drug increases HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I levels and decreases LDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein B levels.
Torcetrapib
Anacetrapib (discontinued drug development)
Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) plays an essential role in the addition of triglycerides to nascent VLDL in liver, and to chylomicrons in the intestine. Its inhibition decreases VLDL secretion and consequently the accumulation of LDL in plasma. An MTP inhibitor, ___________, is available but is currently restricted to patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.
lomitapide
This is an antisense oligonucleotide that targets apo B-100, mainly in the liver. This binding leads to double-stranded RNA, which is degraded by RNase H and prevents translation of the mRNA to form the apo B-100 protein. It is used for the treatment of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.
Mipomersen
Given for types III and IV hyperlipoproteinemia (hypertriglyceridemia)
Fibric acid or Fibrates
Fenofibrate and Gemfibrozil
Long-acting statins
Atorvastatin and Rosuvastatin
These function primarily as ligands for the nuclear transcription receptor PPAR-α. They transcriptionally upregulate LPL, apo A-I, and apo A-II, and they downregulate apo C-III, an inhibitor of lipolysis. A major effect is an increase in oxidation of fatty acids in liver and striated muscle
Fibrates
Uricosuric agents
Probenecid and sulfinpyrazone
The preferred and standard-of-care therapy for gout during the period between acute episodes is _________, which reduces total uric acid body burden by inhibiting xanthine oxidase.
allopurinol
This is indicated for gout and is also used between attacks (the “intercritical period”) for prolonged prophylaxis (at low doses). It prevents attacks of acute Mediterranean fever and may have a mild beneficial effect in sarcoid arthritis and in hepatic cirrhosis. It is also used to treat and prevent pericarditis, pleurisy, and coronary artery disease, probably due to its anti-inflammatory effect.
Colchicine
