Autonomic (ANS) Drugs Flashcards by Venice Camille Patricio

Give the significant Beta-2 antagonist (B2B)

Butoxamine

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What are the Beta-1 Selective Antagonists?

CABMEN
Celiprolol
Atenonol, Acebutolol (ISA)
Bisoprolol, Betaxolol
Metoprolol
Esmolol
Nevibolol (most selective)

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What are the Non-selective Beta Blockers/Antagonists?

NSTP
Nadolol
Satolol
Timolol
Propanolol

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Beta-blockers with ISA

PAACO
Pindolol, Penbutolol
Acebutolol
Alprenolol
Celiprolol
Oxprenolol

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Beta-blockers with Alpha-blocking capacity

Labetolol
Carvedilol (CHF)

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Alpha-1 Selective Agonists

alpha-1 ni Phe (MIxed-acting adrenergic agonist)

Phenylephrine (Horner’s Syndrome)
Ephedrine/Pseudoephedrine (Priapism and Tachyphylaxis)
Phenylpropanolamine (risk for CVD)

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Alpha-1 Selective Agonists

alpha-1 ni Phe (MIxed-acting adrenergic agonist)

Phenylephrine (Horner’s Syndrome)
Ephedrine/Pseudoephedrine (Priapism and Tachyphylaxis)
Phenylpropanolamine (risk for CVD)

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Beta-3 agonist

Mirabegron (for bladder urgency)

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Alpha-2 agonists

-nidines (hypertensive crisis)
-metazolines (ocular congestion)
a-methyldopa (preeclampsia HTN crisis)

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Beta-1 agonist

dobutamine (AHF, cardiogenic shock, stress test)

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Beta-2 agonists

terol FriendS MR. TAT
Formoterol
Salmeterol/Vilanterol

Metaproterenol
Ritodrine
Terbutaline (oral)
Albuterol
Theophylline (methyxanthine)

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Non-selective alpha and beta agonist

D END
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Droxidopa

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Non-selective Beta Agonist

Isoproterenol (vasodilates)

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Longest half life among Non-selective Beta Blockers

Nadolol (NSTP)

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Non-selective Beta Blockers with excellent ocular hypotensive effect

Timolol

for glaucoma with other alpha-2 agonists (apraclonidine and brimonidine)

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Beta-blocker with ISA that’s a partial agonist

Acebutolol (arrhythmia)

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Beta-blocker with ISA that potentiates anti-depressants

Pindolol

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Beta-blocker with alpha-blocking capacity that decreases BP with less tachycardia

Labetalol

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Beta-blocker with alpha-blocking capacity for CHF

Carvedilol

Attenuate oxygen free radical–initiated lipid peroxidation and to inhibit vascular smooth muscle mitogenesis independently of adrenoceptor blockade

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Alpha-1 antagonists

-zosins and Phens
Prasozin
Terazosin
Doxazosin
Tamsulosin (less effect on standing BP)
Phenoxybenzamine (blocks H1, ACh, Ser receptors)
Phentolamine (pheochromocytoma, Regitine test)
Alfuzosin (QT prolongation risk)

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Drug that may increase risk of QT prolongation in susceptible individuals

Alfuzosin (a1 antagonist)

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Optha exam drugs for Myrdriasis

HomaTropicaCyclo
Homatropine
Tropicamide
Cyclopentolate

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Nonselective Antimuscarinic Alkaloids

Atropine
Scopolamine (motion sickness)

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Drug for Atropine Toxicity

Physostigmine

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-fenacins block which receptors?

M3 for UIS and BPH

Drug of choice: Urinary incontinence syndrome (UIS) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

Tolterodine

Drug for anaphylactic shock

Epinephrine

Oral nicotinic antagonist ganglionic blocker

Mecamylamine

Drug for Neurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension

Droxidopa

Organophosphate drug for glaucoma that may cause toxicity

Echothiopate

Organophosphate Insecticide safe for mammals

Malathion

Beta-1 Selective Antagonists that are good for DM and PVD

Metoprolol and Atenolol

Nicotinic receptor detected in the central and peripheral nervous systems where it may function in cognition and pain perception. This nicotinic receptor subtype is a homomeric pentamer having five agonist binding sites at the interfaces of the subunits. Positive allosteric modulators of this receptor are being developed with a view to improving cognitive function in the treatment of schizophrenia.

α7 nAChR

Humans deficient in this nicotinic subunits are afflicted with microcystis (inadequate development of the urinary bladder), microcolon, intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome; urinary incontinence, urinary bladder distention and mydriasis also occur

α3 subunits

_________ is typical of a large group of carbamate insecticides designed for very high lipid solubility, so that absorption into the insect and distribution to its central nervous system are very rapid.

Carbaryl (carbaril)

____________, a thiocholine derivative, is of clinical value because it retains the very long duration of action of other organophosphates but is more stable in aqueous solution

Echothiophate

Organophosphate known as "nerve gas"

Sarin

_________, a secondary amine, was developed to improve the degree and extent of absorption from the gastrointestinal tract because the quaternary amine ganglion-blocking compounds were poorly and erratically absorbed after oral administration

Mecamylamine

effect of mecamylamine on eyes

cycloplegia

Usual antidote for earlystage (48 h) cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning

Pralidoxime

Mandatory antidote for severe cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning

Atropine

2 drugs derived from Atropine → used in ophthalmological examination ▪ Prevent synechia

Homatropine Tropicamide Cyclopentolate

Drug of choice (diagnostic and curative) for the pheochromocytoma

phentolamine

Drug of choice: Urinary incontinence syndrome (UIS) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

Tolterodine

DOC for enuresis

Imipramine

name 2 mixed adrenergic antagonist

Labetalol and Carvedilol

______&______ are reversible α1-selective antagonist that is effective in hypertension; it is also approved for use in men with urinary retention symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Terazosin and Doxazosin

Most important α receptor subtype mediating prostate smooth muscle contraction.

α1A subtype

________ is a competitive α1 antagonist with a structure quite different from that of most other α1-receptor blockers. It has higher affinity for α1A and α1D receptors than for the α1B subtype and evidence suggests that it has relatively greater potency in inhibiting contraction in prostate smooth muscle versus vascular smooth muscle compared with other α1-selective antagonists.

Tamsulosin

A recently recognized and potentially serious adverse effect of oral tamsulosin in patients undergoing cataract surgery is that they are at increased risk of the ________________, characterized by the billowing of a flaccid iris, propensity for iris prolapse, and progressive intraoperative pupillary constriction

intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS)

_________ reverses the antihypertensive effects of α2-adrenoceptor agonists such as clonidine.

Yohimbine

____________ is an α2-selective antagonist. It is sometimes used in the treatment of orthostatic hypotension because it promotes norepinephrine release through blockade of α2 receptors in both the CNS and the periphery. It is also used in veterinary medicine to reverse anesthesia produced by xylazine, an α2 agonist used to calm animals.

Yohimbine

Direct-acting Muscarinic Alkaloid for Sjogren's disease

Pilocarpine

Direct-acting Muscarinic Synthetic for Sjogren's disease

Cevimeline

Selective partial agonist at α4β2 nicotinic receptors; used exclusively for smoking cessation but banned due to psychosis

Varenicline

Inotropic agent for shock when increased CO is neededd

Dobutamine

used during resuscitation from cardiac arrest

Epinephrine

used as a pharmacologic cardiac stress test and for cardiogenic shock

dobutamine

Regulated drug that is still sometimes used for nasopharyngeal surgery because it combines a hemostatic effect with local anesthesia.

Cocaine

Sympathomimetics administered as ophthalmic drops are also useful in localizing the lesion in Horner’s syndrome

Phenylephrine

Direct muscarinic agonist used for acute-angle closure glaucoma and Sjogren Syndrome

Pilocarpine

α2-selective agonists used for glaucoma

Apraclonidine Brimonidine

Nonselective muscarinic and nicotinic agonist; otherwise similar to bethanechol; used topically almost exclusively for glaucoma

Carbachol