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PHARMACOLOGY > Autonomic (ANS) Drugs > Flashcards

Autonomic (ANS) Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Give the significant Beta-2 antagonist (B2B)

A

Butoxamine

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2
Q

What are the Beta-1 Selective Antagonists?

A

CABMEN
Celiprolol
Atenonol, Acebutolol (ISA)
Bisoprolol, Betaxolol
Metoprolol
Esmolol
Nevibolol (most selective)

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3
Q

What are the Non-selective Beta Blockers/Antagonists?

A

NSTP
Nadolol
Satolol
Timolol
Propanolol

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4
Q

Beta-blockers with ISA

A

PAACO
Pindolol, Penbutolol
Acebutolol
Alprenolol
Celiprolol
Oxprenolol

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5
Q

Beta-blockers with Alpha-blocking capacity

A

Labetolol
Carvedilol (CHF)

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6
Q

Alpha-1 Selective Agonists

A

alpha-1 ni Phe (MIxed-acting adrenergic agonist)

Phenylephrine (Horner’s Syndrome)
Ephedrine/Pseudoephedrine (Priapism and Tachyphylaxis)
Phenylpropanolamine (risk for CVD)

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6
Q

Alpha-1 Selective Agonists

A

alpha-1 ni Phe (MIxed-acting adrenergic agonist)

Phenylephrine (Horner’s Syndrome)
Ephedrine/Pseudoephedrine (Priapism and Tachyphylaxis)
Phenylpropanolamine (risk for CVD)

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7
Q

Beta-3 agonist

A

Mirabegron (for bladder urgency)

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8
Q

Alpha-2 agonists

A

-nidines (hypertensive crisis)
-metazolines (ocular congestion)
a-methyldopa (preeclampsia HTN crisis)

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9
Q

Beta-1 agonist

A

dobutamine (AHF, cardiogenic shock, stress test)

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10
Q

Beta-2 agonists

A

terol FriendS MR. TAT
Formoterol
Salmeterol/Vilanterol

Metaproterenol
Ritodrine
Terbutaline (oral)
Albuterol
Theophylline (methyxanthine)

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11
Q

Non-selective alpha and beta agonist

A

D END
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Droxidopa

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12
Q

Non-selective Beta Agonist

A

Isoproterenol (vasodilates)

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13
Q

Longest half life among Non-selective Beta Blockers

A

Nadolol (NSTP)

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14
Q

Non-selective Beta Blockers with excellent ocular hypotensive effect

A

Timolol

for glaucoma with other alpha-2 agonists (apraclonidine and brimonidine)

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15
Q

Beta-blocker with ISA that’s a partial agonist

A

Acebutolol (arrhythmia)

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16
Q

Beta-blocker with ISA that potentiates anti-depressants

A

Pindolol

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17
Q

Beta-blocker with alpha-blocking capacity that decreases BP with less tachycardia

A

Labetalol

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18
Q

Beta-blocker with alpha-blocking capacity for CHF

A

Carvedilol

Attenuate oxygen free radical–initiated lipid peroxidation and to inhibit vascular smooth muscle mitogenesis independently of adrenoceptor blockade

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19
Q

Alpha-1 antagonists

A

-zosins and Phens
Prasozin
Terazosin
Doxazosin
Tamsulosin (less effect on standing BP)
Phenoxybenzamine (blocks H1, ACh, Ser receptors)
Phentolamine (pheochromocytoma, Regitine test)
Alfuzosin (QT prolongation risk)

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20
Q

Drug that may increase risk of QT prolongation in susceptible individuals

A

Alfuzosin (a1 antagonist)

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21
Q

Optha exam drugs for Myrdriasis

A

HomaTropicaCyclo
Homatropine
Tropicamide
Cyclopentolate

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22
Q

Nonselective Antimuscarinic Alkaloids

A

Atropine
Scopolamine (motion sickness)

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23
Q

Drug for Atropine Toxicity

A

Physostigmine

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24
Q

-fenacins block which receptors?

A

M3 for UIS and BPH

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25
Q

Drug of choice: Urinary incontinence syndrome (UIS) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

A

Tolterodine

26
Q

Drug for anaphylactic shock

A

Epinephrine

27
Q

Oral nicotinic antagonist ganglionic blocker

A

Mecamylamine

28
Q

Drug for Neurogenic Orthostatic Hypotension

A

Droxidopa

29
Q

Organophosphate drug for glaucoma that may cause toxicity

A

Echothiopate

30
Q

Organophosphate Insecticide safe for mammals

A

Malathion

31
Q

Beta-1 Selective Antagonists that are good for DM and PVD

A

Metoprolol and Atenolol

32
Q

Nicotinic receptor detected in the central and peripheral nervous systems where it may function in cognition and pain perception. This nicotinic receptor subtype is a homomeric pentamer having five agonist binding sites at the interfaces of the subunits. Positive allosteric modulators of this receptor are being developed with a view to improving cognitive function in the treatment of schizophrenia.

A

α7 nAChR

33
Q

Humans deficient in this nicotinic subunits are afflicted with microcystis (inadequate development of the urinary bladder), microcolon, intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome; urinary incontinence, urinary bladder distention and mydriasis also occur

A

α3 subunits

34
Q

_________ is typical of a large group of carbamate insecticides designed for very high lipid solubility, so that absorption into the insect and distribution to its central nervous system are very rapid.

A

Carbaryl (carbaril)

35
Q

____________, a thiocholine derivative, is of clinical value because it retains the very long duration of action of other organophosphates but is more stable in aqueous solution

A

Echothiophate

36
Q

Organophosphate known as “nerve gas”

A

Sarin

37
Q

_________, a secondary amine, was developed to improve the degree and extent of absorption from the gastrointestinal tract because the quaternary amine ganglion-blocking compounds were poorly and erratically absorbed after oral administration

A

Mecamylamine

38
Q

effect of mecamylamine on eyes

A

cycloplegia

39
Q

Usual antidote for earlystage (48 h) cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning

A

Pralidoxime

40
Q

Mandatory antidote for severe cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning

A

Atropine

41
Q

2 drugs derived from Atropine
→ used in ophthalmological examination
▪ Prevent synechia

A

Homatropine
Tropicamide
Cyclopentolate

42
Q

Drug of choice (diagnostic and curative) for the pheochromocytoma

A

phentolamine

43
Q

Drug of choice: Urinary incontinence syndrome (UIS) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

A

Tolterodine

44
Q

DOC for enuresis

A

Imipramine

45
Q

name 2 mixed adrenergic antagonist

A

Labetalol and Carvedilol

46
Q

______&______ are reversible α1-selective antagonist that is effective in hypertension; it is also approved for use in men with urinary retention symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

A

Terazosin and Doxazosin

47
Q

Most important α receptor subtype mediating prostate smooth muscle contraction.

A

α1A subtype

48
Q

________ is a competitive α1 antagonist with a structure quite different from that of most other α1-receptor blockers. It has higher affinity for α1A and α1D receptors than for the α1B subtype and evidence suggests that it has relatively greater potency in inhibiting contraction in prostate smooth muscle versus vascular smooth muscle compared with other α1-selective antagonists.

A

Tamsulosin

49
Q

A recently recognized and potentially serious adverse effect of oral tamsulosin in patients undergoing cataract surgery is that they are at increased risk of the ________________, characterized by the billowing of a flaccid iris, propensity for iris prolapse, and progressive intraoperative pupillary constriction

A

intraoperative floppy iris syndrome (IFIS)

50
Q

_________ reverses the antihypertensive effects of α2-adrenoceptor agonists such as clonidine.

A

Yohimbine

51
Q

____________ is an α2-selective antagonist. It is sometimes used in the treatment of orthostatic hypotension because it promotes norepinephrine release through blockade of α2 receptors in both the CNS and the periphery. It is also used in veterinary medicine to reverse anesthesia produced by xylazine, an α2 agonist used to calm animals.

A

Yohimbine

52
Q

Direct-acting Muscarinic Alkaloid for Sjogren’s disease

A

Pilocarpine

53
Q

Direct-acting Muscarinic Synthetic for Sjogren’s disease

A

Cevimeline

54
Q

Selective partial agonist at α4β2 nicotinic receptors; used exclusively for smoking cessation but banned due to psychosis

A

Varenicline

55
Q

Inotropic agent for shock when increased CO is neededd

A

Dobutamine

56
Q

used during resuscitation from cardiac arrest

A

Epinephrine

57
Q

used as a pharmacologic cardiac stress test and for cardiogenic shock

A

dobutamine

58
Q

Regulated drug that is still sometimes used for nasopharyngeal surgery because it combines a hemostatic effect with local anesthesia.

A

Cocaine

59
Q

Sympathomimetics administered as ophthalmic drops are also useful in localizing the lesion in Horner’s syndrome

A

Phenylephrine

60
Q

Direct muscarinic agonist used for acute-angle closure glaucoma and Sjogren Syndrome

A

Pilocarpine

61
Q

α2-selective agonists used for glaucoma

A

Apraclonidine
Brimonidine

62
Q

Nonselective muscarinic and nicotinic agonist; otherwise similar to bethanechol; used topically almost exclusively for glaucoma

A

Carbachol

PHARMACOLOGY (19 decks)

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