Immunopharmacology Flashcards
Which of the following drug is used for patients with SLE and RA?
A. Tacrolimus
B. Cyclosporine
C. Hydroxychloroquine
D. Sirolimus
C. Hydroxychloroquine
Which drug suppresses intracellular antigen processing and loading of peptides into MHC class II by increasing the pH of lysosomal and endosomal compartments?
Hydroxychloroquine
Recombinant humanized IgG1 that binds to soluble and membrane-associated IL-6 receptors to inhibit signaling
Tocilizumab
Anti-IgE recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody for allergic asthma in adult and adolescent patients whose symptoms are REFRACTORY TO INHALED CORTICOSTEROIDS
Omalizumab
Total serum IgE levels may remain elevated in patients for up to how long after omalizumab administration?
1 year
Which of the 2 anticytokine-antibodies below is used for Crohn’s disease and RA?
A. Etanercept
B. Infliximab
B. Infliximab
Which of the 2 anticytokine-antibodies can cause reactivation of latent TB?
A. Etanercept
B. Infliximab
B. Infliximab
Which of the 2 anticytokine-antibodies below is used for Psoriatic arthritis and RA?
A. Etanercept
B. Infliximab
A. Etanercept
Which of the 2 anticytokine-antibodies is a genetically engineered fusion protein that prevent TNF-α from binding to TNFR1 and TNFR2?
A. Etanercept
B. Infliximab
A. Etanercept
Which of the 2 anticytokine-antibodies inhibit T-cell and macrophage function?
A. Etanercept
B. Infliximab
B. Infliximab
Which of the 2 anticytokine-antibodies is a chimeric monoclonal antibody that cross links with membrane bound TNF-α receptors on cell surface?
A. Etanercept
B. Infliximab
B. Infliximab
Which antimetabolite inhibits lymphocyte folate metabolism?
Methotrexate
This antimetabolite suppresses BOTH B and T lymphocytes, including mitogen and mixed lymphocyte responses, probably by DE NOVO SYNTHESIS OF PURINES. The active product inhibits inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, leading to suppression of T- and B-lymphocyte proliferation.
Mycophenolate mofetil
What to do if a patient using allopurinol must take azathioprine?
Reduce azathioprine dose to 1/4-1/3 to prevent toxicity
since both are inactivated by xanthine oxidase
Cellcept is a selective noncompetitive inhibitor of which enzyme in the de novo pathway of guanine nucleotide synthesis?
Cellcept (Mycophenolate mofetil) inhibits Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase or IMPDH
Cellcept is an alternative to cyclosporine or tacrolimus for intolerant patients when it is combined with:
Prednisone
Cellcept is Mycophenolate mofetil
This is the first line drug for preventing or reducing chronic allograft vasculopathy in cardiac transplant recipients due to antiproliferative properties
Mycophenolate mofetil (Cellcept)
Which drug, isolated from the mold Penicillum glaucus, inhibits lymphocyte guanosine synthesis to counter refractory rejection in solid organ transplant patients?
Mycophenolate mofetil
mTOR inhibitors are associated with an increased risk for developing which vascular pathology?
Hepatic Artery thrombosis
This is a Proliferation Signal Inhibitor that inhibits JAK enzymes that stimulate hematopoiesis and immune cell function in response to cytokine or growth factor signaling. It is a targeted synthetic small molecule (tsDMARD) that selectively inhibits all members of the Janus kinase family to varying degrees. At therapeutic doses, it exerts its effect mainly by inhibiting JAK3, and to a lesser extent JAK1, hence interrupting the JAK-STAT signaling pathway.
Tofacitinib (Xeljanz)
This oral sedative drug, though banned due to teratogenic effects, is now currently used for treatment of Multiple Myeloma at initial diagnosis and for relapsed-refractory disease. Despite its toxicity, it is also now approved by the FDA for limited use as a potent immunoregulatory agent and to treat certain forms of leprosy (erythema nodosum leprosum).
Thalidomide
This is the immunomodulatory derivative of Thalidomide (IMiD) that is less toxic, less teratogenic, and effective for myelodysplastic syndrome with chromosome 5q31 deletion
Lenalidomide
Which group of immunosuppressants can cause profound myelosuppression, specifically thrombocytopenia?
Proliferation Signal Inhibitors (PSIs):
- Sirolimus
- Everolimus
Cell source (cells that release) IFN-γ
CD4 Th1, CD8 and NK cells
Which Mabs bind and neutralize TNF-α and are important for ankylosing spondylitis?
TNF-α inhibitors particularly Infliximab and Adalimumab