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Pharmacology > PSA ADRs > Flashcards

PSA ADRs Flashcards

1
Q

Common causes of hyperkalemia

A

ACEi
ARBs
Potassium-sparing diuretics

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2
Q

Serious Side effects of Methotrexate

A

Bone marrow suppression (neutropenia)
cirrhosis
pulmonary toxicity

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3
Q

Aminophylline Adverse effects

A

10-20 mg/L
convulsions
arhytmias

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4
Q

Drugs that cause hyperkalemia

A 
K BANK
K sparing diuretics e.g. spironolactone
Beta blockers
ACEI
NSAIDs
K supplements e.g. KCl
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5
Q

Drugs causing hypokalemia

A

BAD FIT
Beta2 agonists
Amphotericin B
Digoxin

Furosemide
Insulin
Thiazide

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6
Q

Drugs that caused prolonged QT

A 
TOOQQRSADES
Thiazides
Ondansetron
Opioids
Quinidine
Quinolones
Risperidone
Sotalol
Antihistamines
(anti) Depressants
Erythromycin
SSRIs
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7
Q

Digoxin toxicity Sx

A

Confusion
Nausea
visual halos
Arrhythmias

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8
Q

Lithium toxicity Sx

A

Early: tremor
Intermediate: Tiredness

Late: 
arrhythmias, 
seizures, 
coma, 
renal failure, 
diabetes insipidus
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9
Q

Phenytoin toxicity

A

Gum hypertrophy
Ataxia
Nystagmus
Peripheral neuropathy

teratogenic

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10
Q

Gentamycin Toxicity

A

Ototoxic and nephrotoxic

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11
Q

Vancomycin toxicity

A

Ototoxic and nephrotoxic

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12
Q

Causes of SIADH

A

Carbamazepine and antipsychotics

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13
Q

Common ADRs of ACEI

A

hypotension
electrolyte abnormalities
AKI
dry cough

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14
Q

Common ADRs of BB

A

Hypotension
bradycardia
wheeze in asthma
worsens acute heart failure

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15
Q

Common ADRs of CCB

A

Hypotension
bradycardia
peripheral edema
flushing

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16
Q

Common ADRs of diuretics

A

Hypotension
Electrolyte abnormalities
AKI
subclass dependant effects

17
Q

Common ADRs of Heparins

A

Haemorrhage, HITT

18
Q

Common ADRs of Warfarin

A

Haemorrhage

has a procoagulant effect initally (need heparin alongside till INR exceeds 2

19
Q

Common ADRs of aspirin

A

Haemorrhage
peptic ulcers
gastritis
tinnitus in large doses

20
Q

Common ADRs of Digoxin

A 
Nasuea
Vomiting
Diarrhoea
blurred vison
confusion
drowsiness
distrubed yellow green visual perception/halo vision
21
Q

Common ADRs of Amiodarone

A

Interstitial lung disease (pulmonary fibrosis)
thyroid disease
skin greying
corneal deposits

22
Q

Lithium ADRs

A

early: tremor
Intermediate: tiredness
Later: arrhythmias, seizures, coma, renal failure, diabetes insipidus

23
Q

Haloperiol ADRs

A

dyskinesias

drowsiness

24
Q

Clozapine ADRs

A

Agranulocytosis

25
Q

Dexamethasone and prednisolone ADRs

A 
Stomach ulcers
Thin skin
Edema
Right and left heart failure
Osteoporosis
Infection
Diabetes
cushings Syndrome
26
Q

Fludrocortisone ADRs

A

Hypertension

sodium and water retention

27
Q

NSAIDs ADRs

A 
No urine (renal failure)
Systolic dysfunction (heart failure)
Asthma 
Indigestion (any cause)
Dyscrasia (clotting abnormality)
28
Q

Simvastatin ADR

A

Myalgia
abdominal pain
raised ALT/AST
Rhabdomyolysis

29
Q

Drugs with a narrow therapeutic index

A

Warfarin
digoxin
phenytoin
theophylline

30
Q

Enzyme inducers

A 
PC BRAS
Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Barbituates
Rifampicin
Alcohol chronic
Sulphonylureas
31
Q

Most common enzyme inhibitors

A

Ketoconazole
Ciprofloxacin
erythromycin
Grapefruit juice

32
Q

Enzyme inhibitors

A 
AODEVICES
Allopurinol
Omeprazole
Disulfiram
Erythromycin
Valproate
Isoniazid
Ciprofloxacin
Ethanol
Sulphonamides
33
Q

Serotonin syndrome symptoms

A 
altered mental state
-confusion
-agitation
-mania
autonomic dysfunction
-diaphoresis
-fever
-shivering
-diarrhea
-tachycardia
neuromuscular abnormalities
-tremor
-myoclonus
-clonus (ocular clonus)
-incoordination
-hyperreflexia
34
Q

Drugs cusing serotonin syndrome

A

MAOI

Tramadol

35
Q

Managing Digoxin toxicity

A

Withhold digoxin until serum levels fall to normal range
correct fluid and electrolyte abnormalities before restarting
restart at reduced dose and monitor levels to guide titration

36
Q

Gingival hyperplasia

A

Ciclosporins
Nifedipind and amlodipine
Phenytoin

37
Q

Causes of macrocytosis

A

Phenytoin

Sulfasalazine

38
Q

Quinine

A

Tinnitus

Pharmacology (17 decks)

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