Antibiotics

Question 1

Organisms Acute exacerbation of COPD

Answer 1

S.pneumoniae
H.influenzae
M. Catarrhalis

Question 2

Acute exacerbation of COPD Tx antibiotic

Answer 2

1) Amoxicillin
500 mg
tds
5/7

Question 3

Acute exacerbation of COPD Tx 2nd Line antibiotic

Answer 3

Doxycyline
200 mg on Day 1
100 mg on Day 2 to 5

Question 4

Pertussis Tx

Answer 4

1) Azithromycin

2) Erythromycin or Co-trimoxazole

Question 5

Pneumonia Organisms

Answer 5

S. Pneumoniae
H.Influenzae
Mycoplasma pneumonia
Chlamydophilia pneumoniae
Legionella 
S. Aureus

Question 6

Pneumonia first line

Answer 6

Amoxicillin 
500 mg-1g
tds
5-7/7
or doxycyline

Question 7

Pneumonia when atypicals are suspected/ there is no response to first-line after 48 hours/Penicillin allergy

Answer 7

Roxithromycin 300 mg OD 7/7
OR
Doxycycline 200 mg BD Day 1, 100 mg BD day 2 to7

Question 8

Pneumonia in Children Tx

Answer 8

1) Amoxicillin
2) Erythromycin
3) Roxithromycin

Question 9

Acute otitis externa Organisms

Answer 9

S. Aureus
S. pyogenes
Pseudomonas

Question 10

Acute otitis externa Tx

Answer 10

Do not use Abx unless there is secondary infection

1) Flumethasone+ Clioquinol (Locorten)
2) Dexamethasone+framycetin+gramicid (Sofradex)

Question 11

Acute otitis Externa Tx where pseudomonas is suspected

Answer 11

Ciprofloxacin and hydrocortisone

Question 12

Acute OM Organisms

Answer 12

S.pneumoniae
H.influenzea
M.catarrhalis

Question 13

Acute OM treatment

Answer 13

1) Amoxicillin
2) Cotrimoxazole

Symptomatic unless high risk
Not to be used in OME

Question 14

Pharyngitis organisms

Answer 14

Most likely viral

S. pyogenes

Question 15

Pharyngitis Tx

Answer 15

Only in high risk of rheumatic fever

1) penicillin V K/amoxicillin/IM benzathine penicillin
2) Erythromycin
3) Roxithromycin

Question 16

Acute sinusitis organisms

Answer 16

Viral
s.pneumoniae
H.influenzea
M.catarrhalis

Question 17

Acute sinusitis Tx

Answer 17

None unless persistent (>10 days) or severe symptoms

1) Amoxicillin
2) Doxycyclin
3) Augmentin

Question 18

Conjunctivitis organisms

Answer 18

Viral HSV
s.pneumoniae
H.influenzea
S.aureus

Question 19

Conjunctivitis Tx

Answer 19

Conservative unless severe

1) chloramphenicol
2) Framycetin (tobramycin)
3) Fusidic acid gel

Question 20

Meningitis/meningicoccoal septicemia organisms

Answer 20

N. meningitidis
S.pneumoniae
viral

Question 21

Meningitis/meningicoccoal septicemia Tx

Answer 21

Ceftriaxone 50-100 mg/kg IV or IM + Vancomycin

Benzylpenicillin 1.2g IV or IM

Question 22

Bites tx

Answer 22

Prophylaxis/treatment

1) Augmentin 625 mg tds 7/7
2) Metronidazole +doxycycline

Question 23

Boils organism

Answer 23

S. aureus

Question 24

Boils Tx

Answer 24

Abx if severe/complications
1) Flucloxacillin 500 mg qds 5/7
If MRSA or allergy to flucloxacillin
2) Erythromycin  800 mg bd or 400 mg qds 5/7
3)Cotrimoxazole
4)Cefalexin

Question 25

Cellulitis organisms

Answer 25

S. pyogenes | S aureus

Question 26

Cellulitis Tx

Answer 26

``` 1)Flucloxacillin 500 mg qds 5/7 If allergy to flucloxacillin or MRSA 2)Erythromycin 3)Cotrimoxazole 4)Cefalexin ```

Question 27

Diabetic foot infection organisms

Answer 27

Early: S.aureus +/- streptococci Later: polymicrobial

Question 28

Diabetic foot infection Tx

Answer 28

1) Augmentin 625 mg tds 5-7/7 2) Cefalexin+metronidazole 3) Cotrimoxazole+clindamycin

Question 29

Impetigo organisms

Answer 29

S/pyogenes | S.aureus

Question 30

Impetigo management

Answer 30

``` Hygiene (clean, cut cover) Hydrogen peroxide Povidone-iodine Abx only if severe Flucloxacillin ```

Question 31

Mastitis organisms

Answer 31

s. aureus

Question 32

Mastitis Tx

Answer 32

``` conservative: massage, compress, continue emptying the breast Abx only for severe or nonresolving 1)Flucloxacillin 500 mg qds 5-7/7 2)Erythromycin 3)Cephalexin ``` Nonlactating women/males Augmentin 625 mg tds 7/7

Question 33

Campylobacter management

Answer 33

Antibiotics for severe or prolonged/high risk 1) Erythromycin 100 mg qds 5/7 2) Ciprofloxacin

Question 34

Clostridium difficile management

Answer 34

Avoid anti-diarrheals 1) Metronidazole 400 mg tds 10/7 2) Vancomycin

Question 35

Giardiasis Management

Answer 35

1) Ornidazole | 2) Metronidazole

Question 36

Salmonella management

Answer 36

Only in severe disease or with risk factors 1) ciprofloxacin 500 mg BD 3/7 2) Cotrimoxazole

Question 37

Bacterial vaginosis tx

Answer 37

If symptomatic or risk factors 1) Metronidazole 400 mg BD 7/7 (or 2g STAT if adherence concerns) 2) Ornidazole

Question 38

Chlamydia Tx

Answer 38

1) Azithromycin 1g stat 2) Doxycycline 100 mg BD 7/7 3)Amoxicillin (if pregnant and azithromycin ci)

Question 39

Epididymo-orchitis organisms

Answer 39

Chlamydia trachomatis | Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Question 40

Epididymo-orchitis Tx

Answer 40

1) Ceftriaxone 500 mg IM stat AND Doxycycline 100 mg BD 14/7 If UTI pathogens suspected 1) Ciprofloxacin 500 mg BD 10/7

Question 41

Gonorrhoea management

Answer 41

1) Ceftriaxone 500 mg IM stat AND Azithromycin 1 g STAT

Question 42

PID management

Answer 42

1)Ceftriaxone 500 mg IM stat AND Doxycycline 100 mg BD 14/7 AND Metronidazole 400 mg BD 14/7

Question 43

Trichomoniasis tx

Answer 43

1) Metronidazole 2g stat

Question 44

Urethritis in males, tx

Answer 44

1) Azithromycin 1 g STAT | Doxycycline 100 mg BD 7/7

Question 45

Adult cystitis organisms

Answer 45

E.coli | Staphyloccus saprophyticus

Question 46

Adult cystitis tx

Answer 46

``` 1) Nitrofurantoin 50 mg qds 5/7 (avoid in pregnancy or if cr cl <60) ``` Trimethoprim 300 mg OD 3/7 (avoid in T1)

Question 47

Cystitis Tx Children

Answer 47

1) Cotrimoxazole 2) Cefalexin 3) Augmentin

Question 48

Pyelonephritis organisms

Answer 48

E.coli, proteus

Question 49

Pyelonephritis tx

Answer 49

1) Cotrimoxazole 960 mg BD 10/7 | 2) Augmentin

Question 50

Neutropenic sepsis

Answer 50

tazosin

Question 51

Community onset sepsis

Answer 51

cefuroxime and gentamicin

Question 52

CURB 0-1

Answer 52

Amoxicillin

Question 53

CURB 2

Answer 53

Amoxicillin and doxycycline

Question 54

CURB 3-5

Answer 54

Augmentin and clarithromycin

Question 55

Legionella

Answer 55

Ciprofloxacin

Question 56

Hospital-acquired pneumonia low risk

Answer 56

Augmentin

Question 57

Hospital-acquired pneumonia high risk

Answer 57

Tazosin and gentamicin

Question 58

Epiglottitis

Answer 58

Augmentin or cefuroxime

Question 59

Tonsillitis

Answer 59

Benzyl pencillin /penecillin VK | +/- metronidazole

Question 60

Endocarditis

Answer 60

Benzylpenicillin + gentamicin