Antibiotics Flashcards
Organisms Acute exacerbation of COPD
S.pneumoniae
H.influenzae
M. Catarrhalis
Acute exacerbation of COPD Tx antibiotic
1) Amoxicillin
500 mg
tds
5/7
Acute exacerbation of COPD Tx 2nd Line antibiotic
Doxycyline
200 mg on Day 1
100 mg on Day 2 to 5
Pertussis Tx
1) Azithromycin
2) Erythromycin or Co-trimoxazole
Pneumonia Organisms
S. Pneumoniae H.Influenzae Mycoplasma pneumonia Chlamydophilia pneumoniae Legionella S. Aureus
Pneumonia first line
Amoxicillin 500 mg-1g tds 5-7/7 or doxycyline
Pneumonia when atypicals are suspected/ there is no response to first-line after 48 hours/Penicillin allergy
Roxithromycin 300 mg OD 7/7
OR
Doxycycline 200 mg BD Day 1, 100 mg BD day 2 to7
Pneumonia in Children Tx
1) Amoxicillin
2) Erythromycin
3) Roxithromycin
Acute otitis externa Organisms
S. Aureus
S. pyogenes
Pseudomonas
Acute otitis externa Tx
Do not use Abx unless there is secondary infection
1) Flumethasone+ Clioquinol (Locorten)
2) Dexamethasone+framycetin+gramicid (Sofradex)
Acute otitis Externa Tx where pseudomonas is suspected
Ciprofloxacin and hydrocortisone
Acute OM Organisms
S.pneumoniae
H.influenzea
M.catarrhalis
Acute OM treatment
1) Amoxicillin
2) Cotrimoxazole
Symptomatic unless high risk
Not to be used in OME
Pharyngitis organisms
Most likely viral
S. pyogenes
Pharyngitis Tx
Only in high risk of rheumatic fever
1) penicillin V K/amoxicillin/IM benzathine penicillin
2) Erythromycin
3) Roxithromycin
Acute sinusitis organisms
Viral
s.pneumoniae
H.influenzea
M.catarrhalis
Acute sinusitis Tx
None unless persistent (>10 days) or severe symptoms
1) Amoxicillin
2) Doxycyclin
3) Augmentin
Conjunctivitis organisms
Viral HSV
s.pneumoniae
H.influenzea
S.aureus
Conjunctivitis Tx
Conservative unless severe
1) chloramphenicol
2) Framycetin (tobramycin)
3) Fusidic acid gel
Meningitis/meningicoccoal septicemia organisms
N. meningitidis
S.pneumoniae
viral
Meningitis/meningicoccoal septicemia Tx
Ceftriaxone 50-100 mg/kg IV or IM + Vancomycin
Benzylpenicillin 1.2g IV or IM
Bites tx
Prophylaxis/treatment
1) Augmentin 625 mg tds 7/7
2) Metronidazole +doxycycline
Boils organism
S. aureus
Boils Tx
Abx if severe/complications 1) Flucloxacillin 500 mg qds 5/7 If MRSA or allergy to flucloxacillin 2) Erythromycin 800 mg bd or 400 mg qds 5/7 3)Cotrimoxazole 4)Cefalexin
Cellulitis organisms
S. pyogenes
S aureus
Cellulitis Tx
1)Flucloxacillin 500 mg qds 5/7 If allergy to flucloxacillin or MRSA 2)Erythromycin 3)Cotrimoxazole 4)Cefalexin
Diabetic foot infection organisms
Early: S.aureus +/- streptococci
Later: polymicrobial
Diabetic foot infection Tx
1) Augmentin 625 mg tds 5-7/7
2) Cefalexin+metronidazole
3) Cotrimoxazole+clindamycin
Impetigo organisms
S/pyogenes
S.aureus
Impetigo management
Hygiene (clean, cut cover) Hydrogen peroxide Povidone-iodine Abx only if severe Flucloxacillin
Mastitis organisms
s. aureus
Mastitis Tx
conservative: massage, compress, continue emptying the breast Abx only for severe or nonresolving 1)Flucloxacillin 500 mg qds 5-7/7 2)Erythromycin 3)Cephalexin
Nonlactating women/males
Augmentin 625 mg tds 7/7
Campylobacter management
Antibiotics for severe or prolonged/high risk
1) Erythromycin 100 mg qds 5/7
2) Ciprofloxacin
Clostridium difficile management
Avoid anti-diarrheals
1) Metronidazole 400 mg tds 10/7
2) Vancomycin
Giardiasis Management
1) Ornidazole
2) Metronidazole
Salmonella management
Only in severe disease or with risk factors
1) ciprofloxacin 500 mg BD 3/7
2) Cotrimoxazole
Bacterial vaginosis tx
If symptomatic or risk factors
1) Metronidazole 400 mg BD 7/7 (or 2g STAT if adherence concerns)
2) Ornidazole
Chlamydia Tx
1) Azithromycin 1g stat
2) Doxycycline 100 mg BD 7/7
3)Amoxicillin (if pregnant and azithromycin ci)
Epididymo-orchitis organisms
Chlamydia trachomatis
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Epididymo-orchitis Tx
1) Ceftriaxone 500 mg IM stat AND
Doxycycline 100 mg BD 14/7
If UTI pathogens suspected
1) Ciprofloxacin 500 mg BD 10/7
Gonorrhoea management
1) Ceftriaxone 500 mg IM stat
AND
Azithromycin 1 g STAT
PID management
1)Ceftriaxone 500 mg IM stat AND
Doxycycline 100 mg BD 14/7 AND
Metronidazole 400 mg BD 14/7
Trichomoniasis tx
1) Metronidazole 2g stat
Urethritis in males, tx
1) Azithromycin 1 g STAT
Doxycycline 100 mg BD 7/7
Adult cystitis organisms
E.coli
Staphyloccus saprophyticus
Adult cystitis tx
1) Nitrofurantoin 50 mg qds 5/7 (avoid in pregnancy or if cr cl <60)
Trimethoprim
300 mg
OD
3/7 (avoid in T1)
Cystitis Tx Children
1) Cotrimoxazole
2) Cefalexin
3) Augmentin
Pyelonephritis organisms
E.coli, proteus
Pyelonephritis tx
1) Cotrimoxazole 960 mg BD 10/7
2) Augmentin
Neutropenic sepsis
tazosin
Community onset sepsis
cefuroxime and gentamicin
CURB 0-1
Amoxicillin
CURB 2
Amoxicillin and doxycycline
CURB 3-5
Augmentin and clarithromycin
Legionella
Ciprofloxacin
Hospital-acquired pneumonia low risk
Augmentin
Hospital-acquired pneumonia high risk
Tazosin and gentamicin
Epiglottitis
Augmentin
or
cefuroxime
Tonsillitis
Benzyl pencillin /penecillin VK
+/- metronidazole
Endocarditis
Benzylpenicillin + gentamicin
