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Pharmacology > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Organisms Acute exacerbation of COPD

A

S.pneumoniae
H.influenzae
M. Catarrhalis

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2
Q

Acute exacerbation of COPD Tx antibiotic

A

1) Amoxicillin
500 mg
tds
5/7

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3
Q

Acute exacerbation of COPD Tx 2nd Line antibiotic

A

Doxycyline
200 mg on Day 1
100 mg on Day 2 to 5

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4
Q

Pertussis Tx

A

1) Azithromycin

2) Erythromycin or Co-trimoxazole

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5
Q

Pneumonia Organisms

A 
S. Pneumoniae
H.Influenzae
Mycoplasma pneumonia
Chlamydophilia pneumoniae
Legionella 
S. Aureus
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6
Q

Pneumonia first line

A 
Amoxicillin 
500 mg-1g
tds
5-7/7
or doxycyline
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7
Q

Pneumonia when atypicals are suspected/ there is no response to first-line after 48 hours/Penicillin allergy

A

Roxithromycin 300 mg OD 7/7
OR
Doxycycline 200 mg BD Day 1, 100 mg BD day 2 to7

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8
Q

Pneumonia in Children Tx

A

1) Amoxicillin
2) Erythromycin
3) Roxithromycin

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9
Q

Acute otitis externa Organisms

A

S. Aureus
S. pyogenes
Pseudomonas

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10
Q

Acute otitis externa Tx

A

Do not use Abx unless there is secondary infection

1) Flumethasone+ Clioquinol (Locorten)
2) Dexamethasone+framycetin+gramicid (Sofradex)

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11
Q

Acute otitis Externa Tx where pseudomonas is suspected

A

Ciprofloxacin and hydrocortisone

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12
Q

Acute OM Organisms

A

S.pneumoniae
H.influenzea
M.catarrhalis

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13
Q

Acute OM treatment

A

1) Amoxicillin
2) Cotrimoxazole

Symptomatic unless high risk
Not to be used in OME

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14
Q

Pharyngitis organisms

A

Most likely viral

S. pyogenes

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15
Q

Pharyngitis Tx

A

Only in high risk of rheumatic fever

1) penicillin V K/amoxicillin/IM benzathine penicillin
2) Erythromycin
3) Roxithromycin

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16
Q

Acute sinusitis organisms

A

Viral
s.pneumoniae
H.influenzea
M.catarrhalis

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17
Q

Acute sinusitis Tx

A

None unless persistent (>10 days) or severe symptoms

1) Amoxicillin
2) Doxycyclin
3) Augmentin

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18
Q

Conjunctivitis organisms

A

Viral HSV
s.pneumoniae
H.influenzea
S.aureus

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19
Q

Conjunctivitis Tx

A

Conservative unless severe

1) chloramphenicol
2) Framycetin (tobramycin)
3) Fusidic acid gel

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20
Q

Meningitis/meningicoccoal septicemia organisms

A

N. meningitidis
S.pneumoniae
viral

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21
Q

Meningitis/meningicoccoal septicemia Tx

A

Ceftriaxone 50-100 mg/kg IV or IM + Vancomycin

Benzylpenicillin 1.2g IV or IM

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22
Q

Bites tx

A

Prophylaxis/treatment

1) Augmentin 625 mg tds 7/7
2) Metronidazole +doxycycline

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23
Q

Boils organism

A

S. aureus

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24
Q

Boils Tx

A 
Abx if severe/complications
1) Flucloxacillin 500 mg qds 5/7
If MRSA or allergy to flucloxacillin
2) Erythromycin  800 mg bd or 400 mg qds 5/7
3)Cotrimoxazole
4)Cefalexin
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25
Q

Cellulitis organisms

A

S. pyogenes

S aureus

26
Q

Cellulitis Tx

A 
1)Flucloxacillin 500 mg qds 5/7
If allergy to flucloxacillin or MRSA
2)Erythromycin
3)Cotrimoxazole
4)Cefalexin
27
Q

Diabetic foot infection organisms

A

Early: S.aureus +/- streptococci
Later: polymicrobial

28
Q

Diabetic foot infection Tx

A

1) Augmentin 625 mg tds 5-7/7
2) Cefalexin+metronidazole
3) Cotrimoxazole+clindamycin

29
Q

Impetigo organisms

A

S/pyogenes

S.aureus

30
Q

Impetigo management

A 
Hygiene (clean, cut cover)
Hydrogen peroxide
Povidone-iodine
Abx only if severe
Flucloxacillin
31
Q

Mastitis organisms

A

s. aureus

32
Q

Mastitis Tx

A 
conservative: massage, compress, continue emptying the breast
Abx only for severe or nonresolving
1)Flucloxacillin 500 mg qds 5-7/7
2)Erythromycin
3)Cephalexin

Nonlactating women/males
Augmentin 625 mg tds 7/7

33
Q

Campylobacter management

A

Antibiotics for severe or prolonged/high risk

1) Erythromycin 100 mg qds 5/7
2) Ciprofloxacin

34
Q

Clostridium difficile management

A

Avoid anti-diarrheals

1) Metronidazole 400 mg tds 10/7
2) Vancomycin

35
Q

Giardiasis Management

A

1) Ornidazole

2) Metronidazole

36
Q

Salmonella management

A

Only in severe disease or with risk factors

1) ciprofloxacin 500 mg BD 3/7
2) Cotrimoxazole

37
Q

Bacterial vaginosis tx

A

If symptomatic or risk factors

1) Metronidazole 400 mg BD 7/7 (or 2g STAT if adherence concerns)
2) Ornidazole

38
Q

Chlamydia Tx

A

1) Azithromycin 1g stat
2) Doxycycline 100 mg BD 7/7

3)Amoxicillin (if pregnant and azithromycin ci)

39
Q

Epididymo-orchitis organisms

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

40
Q

Epididymo-orchitis Tx

A

1) Ceftriaxone 500 mg IM stat AND
Doxycycline 100 mg BD 14/7

If UTI pathogens suspected
1) Ciprofloxacin 500 mg BD 10/7

41
Q

Gonorrhoea management

A

1) Ceftriaxone 500 mg IM stat
AND
Azithromycin 1 g STAT

42
Q

PID management

A

1)Ceftriaxone 500 mg IM stat AND
Doxycycline 100 mg BD 14/7 AND
Metronidazole 400 mg BD 14/7

43
Q

Trichomoniasis tx

A

1) Metronidazole 2g stat

44
Q

Urethritis in males, tx

A

1) Azithromycin 1 g STAT

Doxycycline 100 mg BD 7/7

45
Q

Adult cystitis organisms

A

E.coli

Staphyloccus saprophyticus

46
Q

Adult cystitis tx

A 
1) Nitrofurantoin 
50 mg 
qds 
5/7
(avoid in pregnancy or if cr cl <60)

Trimethoprim
300 mg
OD
3/7 (avoid in T1)

47
Q

Cystitis Tx Children

A

1) Cotrimoxazole
2) Cefalexin
3) Augmentin

48
Q

Pyelonephritis organisms

A

E.coli, proteus

49
Q

Pyelonephritis tx

A

1) Cotrimoxazole 960 mg BD 10/7

2) Augmentin

50
Q

Neutropenic sepsis

A

tazosin

51
Q

Community onset sepsis

A

cefuroxime and gentamicin

52
Q

CURB 0-1

A

Amoxicillin

53
Q

CURB 2

A

Amoxicillin and doxycycline

54
Q

CURB 3-5

A

Augmentin and clarithromycin

55
Q

Legionella

A

Ciprofloxacin

56
Q

Hospital-acquired pneumonia low risk

A

Augmentin

57
Q

Hospital-acquired pneumonia high risk

A

Tazosin and gentamicin

58
Q

Epiglottitis

A

Augmentin
or
cefuroxime

59
Q

Tonsillitis

A

Benzyl pencillin /penecillin VK

+/- metronidazole

60
Q

Endocarditis

A

Benzylpenicillin + gentamicin

Pharmacology (17 decks)

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