PS 230 EXAM 2 Version 2 Flashcards
What are the 6 tenents of realism according to E.H. Carr?
- ) hard and ruthless analysis of reality
- ) assume critical and somewhat cynical aspect
- ) realism places “emphasis on the acceptance of facts and on the analysis of their causes and consequences
- ) depreciate the role of purpose
- ) emphasize the irresistible strength of existing forces and the inevatibale character of existing tendencies
- ) highest wisdom = accepting and adapting onself, to these forces and these tendencies.
What is independence?
External sovereignty.
Why not be neutral?
Because it is a sign of weakness
What is the difference between right and wrong according to
Realists?
There is no difference between right and wrong.
Why Athenian?
Because it’s a proxy for realist argument.
What is the knowledge of men leads us according to realists?
To conclude that it is general and necessary law of nature to rule whatever we can.
What are the salient points? Points realists make (3)
- ) Power need it or else someone else will exploit you.
- ) balance of power= equality to compel
- ) emphasize the use of no fine phrases.
What is original power according to Hobbes?
Natural power: faculties of mind and body. Such as good looks, strength, prudence, eloquence, generosity, and nobility.
How are instrumental powers such as money acquired?
Through our natural power or through luck.
How can a weak person kill the strongest?
Through secret machianation (cleverness) or confederacy (alliance).
What does equality of ability rise?
Equality of ability = equality of hope + scarcity = enemies.
What are the three principles of quarrel(war) in nature of man?
- ) men invade for gain, people wives and children
- ) for safety: to defend them
- ) for reputation: to have glory
What happens when there is war?
- ) no letters
- ) no arts
- ) no society
Because of constant fear of violence and death.
What is the life in war?
- ) solitary
- ) poor
- ) nasty
- ) brutish
- ) and short
What is standard of justice?
Equality of power to compel=balance of power.
What is Athenian used for?
Proxy for realists argument.
What do the strong do?
Do whatever they want and weak have to accept it.
What is self-interest? According to realists
Be strong.
According to Michaeveli, how are humans?
- ) ungrateful
- ) fickle(change loyalty)
- ) false
- ) cowardly
- ) covertous(greedy)
How is loved preserved?
By a link of obligation, which is base(morally low no value, lack of higher values)
What is anticipation?
The most reasonable way for any man to secure himself.
Difference between Thomas Hobbes and John Lock?
Unlike John Locke, Thomas Hobbes argue that in absence of government. Life would be hell on Earth.
What is Hobbes starting point?
- )On average we have the same intelligence and physical abilities
- ) out of this emerges equality of hope in getting what we want. But if two individuals want the same thing then we are enemies. Best way to deal with enemies is anticipation strike first.
Why do the strongest fear the weakest according to Hobbes? Two reasons
- ) because you can be clever and strategic secret mechanism
- ) confederacy, which is just alliance and together can take down the stronger indivual.
Hobbbes we find human nature 3 principles of quarrel?
- ) Competition: use of force to make master
- ) defidence: use of force to defend what is yours
- ) smallest things insignficant
Thomas hobbes is war always there?
The desire to content to fight is always there unless there is government.
What does Hobbes say about accusing humans saying we are no good?
Only lived based on their actions. Lock your doors. Gov keep in awe.