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Computing > Protocols > Flashcards

Protocols Flashcards

1
Q

What is a network protocol

A

It is an agreed way of how to communicate over a network

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2
Q

What is a protocol

A

it is an agreed set of rules of how to do something

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3
Q

What does TCP/IP stand for

A

Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol

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4
Q

What is TCP/IP used for

A

This protocol prepares messages for transmission and reassembles any received messages

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5
Q

When sending data the TCP rules include…

A
  • Dividing the message into packets
  • Adding a sequence number to each packet so the message can be reassembled
  • Adding extra error-correction information so errors can be spotted and fixed
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6
Q

When receiving data the TCP rules include

A
  • Examining each packet for errors by using the extra information that was added to it
  • Fixing any errors or requesting that the packet can be re-sent
  • If all packets are present, using the sequence number of each packet to reassemble the message
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7
Q

When sending data the IP rules include…

A
  • Add the destination address to each data packet

- Add it own address to indicate where it came from

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8
Q

When receiving data the IP rules include

A
  • Accept data packets that its own address attached

- Ignore all data packets that do not contain its own address

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9
Q

What does HTTP and HTTPS stand for

A

HyperText Transfer Protocol and HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure

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10
Q

What is HTTP used for

A

This protocol allows a browser to request these individual files from a web server in a orderly way

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11
Q

What is HTTPS used for

A

This protocol works like HTTP but also encrypts web page data before it is sent out of the browser or server

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12
Q

What does FTP stand for

A

File Transfer Protocol

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13
Q

What is FTP used for

A

It is used to transfer files between a client and server on a computer network

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14
Q

What does POP stand for

A

Post Office Protocol

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15
Q

What is POP used for

A

Allows emails to be downloaded and/or deleted from a mail server and viewed offline by an email client

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16
Q

What are the disadvantages of POP

A
  • It can only handle one mailbox
  • Messages, once downloaded are removed from the server and cannot later be viewed by other devices
  • It does not support complex searches of emails on the server
17
Q

What does IMAP stand for

A

Internet Message Access Protocol

18
Q

What is IMAP used for

A

It is similar to POP but it also offers more complex commands to manage emails on the server itself

19
Q

IMAP allows you to…

A
  • Set flags on emails showing where they have been viewed replied to etc.
  • Access emails on multiple devices i.e PC, phone, tablet etc.
  • It can handle more than one mail box
  • You can choose where to download just the headers, full body or not to download attachments
20
Q

What does SMTP stand for

A

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

21
Q

What is SMTP used for

A

It is used by the mail server itself to send and receive emails from all other mail servers across the internet

22
Q

How does Ethernet work

A

It is a family of protocols responsible for sending and receiving data along a network cable

23
Q

The Ethernet protocol is in several parts such as…

A

Hardware - Specifies the performance expected of network cables, plugs and sockets

Data format - Describes the format of the data packets sent or received over the network

-How to deal with data collisions

24
Q

How does Bluetooth work

A

It is a wireless protocol that was developed to allow devices that are very close to exchange data

25
Q

Name the four layer model

A

Layer 4 - Layer name -Application layer
Protocols - FTP, HTTP, POP, IMAP, SMTP
Purpose - The protocols in this layer provide access to email, files and websites across an IP network

Layer 3 - Layer Name - Transport Layer
Protocols - TCP
Purpose - It is responsible for dividing messages into packets, adding sequence numbers and error correction info

Layer 2 - Layer name - Internet Layer
Protocols - IP
Purpose - It is responsible for managing the address of source and destination locations

Layer 1 - Layer name- Network/Data link access
Protocols- Ethernet, Wi-Fi
Purpose - They are responsible for transmitting and receiving data through cable or wireless

26
Q

What are the benefits of using a layer model

A
  • It is useful for manufacturers so that they can ensure their hardware is compatible with existing protocols
  • We can map how layers relate and interact with each other
  • When a new protocol is developed, it can be slotted into the appropriate layer

Computing (19 decks)

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