protestant reformation

Question 1

Fire and brimstone preaching

Answer 1

an aggressive way of preaching that threatens eternal damnation

Question 2

Indulgences

Answer 2

financial payments made to the pope in exchange for eternal salvation

Question 3

Excommunication

Answer 3

excluding someone from participating in sacraments the catholic church

Question 4

Christian Humanism

Answer 4

combined individualism with the desire to reform the CC

Question 5

Desiderius Erasmus

Answer 5

best known christian humanist
In his satire the praise of folly in 1509 he humorously criticized societies moral and rel state
He sought for reform in the CC and his intention wasn’t to have people break away from it
His ideas prepared the way for the reformation

Question 6

The Praise of the Folly

Answer 6

satire written in 1509 Eramus humorously criticized society’s moral and religious state and called for simpler purer faith

Question 7

Martin Luther

Answer 7

wrote 95 theses and was a big impact on lutherism adn stopped indulgences October 31, 1517

Question 8

Martin Luther’s commitment to Catholicism

Question 9

What Martin Luther believed

Answer 9

Luther found that humans couldn’t be saved by their good works; but by their faith in God.

Question 10

95 Theses

Answer 10

On October 31, HALLOWEEN 1517, Martin Luther, angered by the churches practices made his 95 theses public

Question 11

How did Lutheranism spread throughout Holy Roman Empire

Answer 11

Luther was able to gain the support of many of the German rulers among the 300 states that made upon the movement the last time he ever led the Holy Roman Empire

Question 12

Charles V

Answer 12

Charles saw the Reformation as a force that disrupted the political and social order
Charles had hoped to keep the Roman Empire catholic

Question 13

Peace of Augsburg

Answer 13

peace of augsburg put into place, it officially ended christian unity in europe

Question 14

Ulrich Zwingli

Answer 14

Wrote his 67 theses in 1523 in which he rejected beliefs like purgatory, the mass, forced fasting etc

Question 15

67 theses

Answer 15

67 theses in 1523 in which he rejected beliefs like purgatory, the mass, forced fasting etc written by ulrich zwingli

Question 16

Division in Switzerland

Answer 16

Zwinglis movement spread to other cities in switz
October 1531 war broke out between protestant and catholic states in switz

Question 17

John Calvin

Answer 17

1536 he published his institutes of the Chrotstian rel which was a summary of his understanding of prot thought

Question 18

Predestination

Answer 18

meant that God selected some people to be saved and others to be damned.

Question 19

How Calvinism Spread

Answer 19

Calvinists believed they were doing gods work
This conviction made them determined to spresd their faith
Calvin created a govt of divine authority in geneva
This govt used church leaders and non clergy in his church

Question 20

Lutheranism VS Calvinism

Answer 20

Lutheranism
Follower of martin luther
Salvation can be achieved through faith
Head of church is he elected council
Preaching and rituals
Bible is considered the true word

Calvinism
Follower of john calvin
Predestination
Head of church is council of elders
Only believe in preaching
Believe one can have a direct relationship w god

Question 21

Henry VIII

Answer 21

Succeeded the throne of england in 1509 bc his brothers death
V religious (catholic)
Obsessed with having a male heir

Question 22

All 6 of Henry VIII’s wives

Answer 22

catherine of aragon
anne boelyn
jane seymour
anne cleves
catherine howard
catherine parr

Question 23

Mary queen of Scots

Answer 23

catherine of aragons daughter
After edward died at 15, Mary came to the throne
She wanted to restore england to catholicism
Her efforts had the opposite effect
Burned 300 protestants earning her the nickname “bloody mary”

Question 24

Elizabeth I

Answer 24

annes daughter
spread protestantism by spreading protestantism. Her mother (Anne Boylen) loved the Angelican/ protestant Church.

Question 25

Tower of London

Answer 25

Built in 1066
This site is famous for being the place of execution for Henry VII’s wives Anne Boleyn and Katherine Howard.

Question 26

Edward VI

Answer 26

henrys only son who died at 15

Question 27

English Reformation

Answer 27

Rooted in politics
- Henry VII wanted to divorce his wife Catherine of Aragon due to her not bearing him a male.
Henry wanted to marry Anne Boleyn
The pope at the time(Pope Clement VII) was unwilling to annul-declare invalid) the king’s marriage so Henry turned to England’s highest church courts.

Question 28

Annulment

Answer 28

the act of disregarding a marriage

Question 29

Act of Supremacy 1534

Answer 29

The Act of Supremacy of 1534 that the king was “the only supreme head on the earth of the new church of England.”

Question 30

Thomas More

Answer 30

Henry VII’s confidant Thomas More, a Christian humanist, and devout Catholic opposed Henry’s separation from the church
In 1534 Thomas more refused to swear to Henry’s ct of Succession
This amounted to More essentially refusing to accept the king as the head of the church of England
More was sent to the Tower of London in 1534 and was found guilty of treason.
1534 Thomas was beheaded

Question 31

How Henry VIII is removed Catholicism from England

Answer 31

Henry used his new power to close monasteries
He sold their land and possessions to landowners and merchants
The king received a boost to his treasury
The new England Church became what is today the Anglican Church
Anglican Church stayed close the Catholic teachings

Question 32

How Henry VIII’s kids spread Protestantism throughout Europe

Answer 32

king dies he was succeeded by Edward 5th who turned the Anglican Church in a more protestant direction
After Edwar’s death at 15 Mary the First came to the throne in 1553
Mary was Catholic who wanted to restore England to Catholicism
Her efforts had the opposite effect
Among her actions she ordered the burning of more that 300 Protestants earning her the nickname “Bloody Mary”

Question 33

Protestantism and Education

Question 34

Protestant Marriage

Answer 34

Protestants had abolished monasticism and the requirement of celibacy of clergy.
The mutual love between a man and a wife should be praised.
More often marriage reflected the traditional roles of the husband as the ruler and wife as the obedient servant and bearer of children.

Question 35

Counter Reformation

Question 36

3 elements of Catholic Reformation

Answer 36

1-establishment of the religious order of the Jesuit, the second was the reform of the papacy, the 3rd was the Council of Trent.

Question 37

Development of Jesuits

Answer 37

all Jesuits take a vow of honoring the pope for obedience.
-jesuits used education to spread their message and established schools.
The carmelite order was developed as well by Teresa of Avila.
Carmelites took a complete vow of poverty and followed a strict way of life

Question 38

Reform of papacy

Answer 38

He took the step of establishing a reform commision in 1535 to determine the church ills.
The commission blamed the Church’s problems on the pope’s corrupt policies.
Therefore, also called the Council of Trent.

Question 39

Council of Trent

Answer 39

was made to reform the church (made the ideas to reform it and created jesuits and reform of the papalcy)

Question 40

what hapened when elizbeth took over

Answer 40

When elizabeth the first took over she returned england to its anglican ways

Question 41

act of supremacy

Answer 41

In 1534 parliament finalized england’s break with the pope and CC
Act of supremacy of 1534 that the king was the only supreme head on earth of the new church of england

Question 42

on the exam get specific ex if ur talking abt martin luther say lutherism not protistism yk

Question 43

carmelites

Answer 43

female version of jesuits
teresa of avila is the founder

Question 44

anne boelyn and katherine howards were executed at the

Answer 44

tower of london