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social studies 23-24 > absolutism > Flashcards

absolutism Flashcards

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1
Q

phillip II

A

most catholic king, converted prots to catholics

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2
Q

phillips II only victory

A

battle of lepanto (OE and holy league/spain) fighting for cyprus

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3
Q

phillip is known for his failures-

A

losing against england and spain (fall of the spanish armada) and not putting effort into learning the netherlands langauge and visitng there

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4
Q

armada

A

fleet of warships

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5
Q

huguenots

A

French Protestants influenced by John Calvin

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6
Q

Defenestration of Prague

A

Ferdinand II’s men were thrown out the window

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7
Q

Ferdinand II

A

Catholic and the Holy Roman Emperor
He wanted to convert everyone to Catholicism

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8
Q

Phases of the 30 Years War

A

Bohemian phase (1618-1625)
Danish phase (1625-1629)
Swedish phase (1630-1635)
French phase (1635-1648)

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9
Q

Edict of Restitution

A

any land that the Catholics lost to the Protestants had to be restored, given back, to the Catholics

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10
Q

Gustov Adolphus

A

King of Sweden

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11
Q

Peace of Prague 1635

A

the midway point between the 30 years war, protected only a small portion of the Holy Roman Empire / Protestant land

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12
Q

National Sovereignty

A

the independence of a state combined with the right and power of regulating itself without foreign interference

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13
Q

Divine Right of Kings

A

God gives you power as king

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14
Q

Puritans

A

protestants in England that were inspired by Calvanist ideas who wanted to purify the anglican church located in parliment

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15
Q

Cavaliers

A

Monarchy / Royalists

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16
Q

Roundheads

A

Parliamentary forces

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17
Q

Commonwealth

A

A political community where you vote people in for the common good of the people

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18
Q

English Bill of Rights

A

this bill laid the foundation for a constitutional monarchy / made by William and Mary

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19
Q

Natural rights

A

Life, Liberty, and Property

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20
Q

Absolutism

A

Is a system in which a ruler holds total power

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21
Q

Mercantilism

A

The act of decreasing imports and increasing exports

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22
Q

Czar

A

Russian for Caesar; the title used by Russian emperors

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23
Q

Boyar

A

Russian title for a noble

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24
Q

Austrian Habsburgs

A

Had played a significant role in European politics as emperors of the Holy Roman Empire

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25
Q

Window to the West

A

A port with ready acces to Europe

26
Q

Cardinals in France before Louis XIV

A

Cardinal Richelieu helped Louis XIII and Cardinal Mazarin helped Louis XIV / Cardinal Richelieu developed and kept the monarchy in France

27
Q

Louis XIV - The Sun King

A

thought he could shine light on his people
Bribed people
He spent his money on parties, wars, and building Versailles
He personally felt he was a pretty bad king

28
Q

Jean- Baptiste Colbert

A

Was asked for assistance by Louis XIV because Louis was bankrupt
He established the act of increasing exports and decreasing imports
He built roads and canals within France to try and get quickly spead across

29
Q

Absolutism and military power

A

Is a system in which a ruler holds total power

30
Q

Peace of Westphalia

A

Officially ended the war in 1648 and gave Sweden and France and their allies new territories idea of national soverignty

31
Q

Fredrick William

A

Ran Prussia absolute ruler

32
Q

Hapsburg family

A

They ran the Austrian Empire known for being holy roman emperors

33
Q

Austrian empire

A

Was the traditional Austrian lands in present day Austria, the Czech Republic, and Hungary

34
Q

Versailles

A

Established by Louis for 3 purposes
Royal council was the personal household of the king
Chief offices of the state were located there
The place powerful subjects came to find favors and offices themselves

35
Q

French wars of religion

A

Henry IV the French crown / Huguenot converted to Catholicism
In order to stop the wars, he developed the Edict of Nantes
Huguenots have the same rights as Catholics

36
Q

Henry IV

A

He was in France he was a Huguenot who converted to Catholisicm

37
Q

Edict of Nantes

A

Recognized Catholicism as the official religion of FranceEdict of Nantes - Recognized Catholicism as the official religion of France

38
Q

Oliver Cromwell

A

Is the lord protector of England
He was a Commonwealth
leader of round heads

39
Q

Charles I

A

English Revolution happened during his reign
Son of James I

40
Q

Charles II

A

Son of Charles I
He was the monarch that restored monarchy to England
Kept the Divine Right of Kings theory

41
Q

William and Mary

A

They are married
Mary was the daughter of James II
They take over England and established a Constitutional Monarchy
Established the English Bill of Rights

42
Q

Constitutional monarchy

A

system of government in which a monarch shares power with a constitutionally organized government

43
Q

Romanov dynasty

A

Started after Ivan the terrible’s reign
Was established because of Russia fell into a state of anarchy
The emperors are Czars

44
Q

Peter the Great

A

Made Russia Modern / Westernized it
He wanted to open up the window to the West

45
Q

Locke

A

Believed that a government’s legitimacy came from the consent of the people they governed.

46
Q

Hobbs

A

Was a proponent of Absolutism, a system which placed control of the state in the hands of a single individual, a monarch free from all forms of limitations or accountability.

47
Q

James I

A

First absolute ruler and person to have the Divine Right of Kings
He believed God gave him his power
He believes he does not need a Parliament

48
Q

James II

A

Brother of Charles II
He was Catholic
Parliament is looking for assistance with James II
Instead, Parliament asks for help with William of Orange to over power James II

49
Q

battle of lepanto

A

OE vs Spain(Holy league)
they fought over cyprus and spain won
it gave spain acess to the med sea which gave them protection

50
Q

the netherlands did what bc phillip sucked

A

they became prot and turned to william the silent and gained independance

51
Q

french religious wars

A

henry IV was a huguenot but became catholic and gave the huguenots rights

52
Q

peace of augsburg

A

let hre people choose to be catholic or lutherism

53
Q

edict of restitution

A

danish phase
restored catholic land

54
Q

swedish phase

A

put up a good fight but their king died and they lost morale

55
Q

30 years war was fought between

A

hre vs dif people

56
Q

french phase

A

dominant religion is catholic but they took the side of prot

57
Q

the holy roman empire ceased to exist after the 3yw

A
58
Q

national soverignty (happens bc the peace of westphalia)

A

disbands the hre and all these countries are like lets be independant and this leads them into absoluteism

59
Q

ivan the terrible/iv

A

first ruler in russia to have the title czar

60
Q

peter the great was part of

A

the romanov dynasty

61
Q

english civil war

A

came first
cromwell helped the roundheads (parliment) against the cavaliers (people who supported the monarchy/charles I) most people were on roundheads side

social studies 23-24 (15 decks)

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