china Flashcards
who had control of china before ming+ghenghis khan
mongols
when did the mongols fall
1368
who was the last dynasty to work on the great wall of china
ming dynasty
*when did the ming dynasty collapse
1644
when did the qing dynasty fall and why
1911 western ideas
who built the imperial city
ming dynasty located in beijing
ming dynasty accomplishments
renovated the canal, new crops, manufacture goods, centralized govt and nationwide school system
what was the forbidden city
the imperial city in the ming dynasty. it was created to convey power and prestige
Its an immense complex of palaces and temples surrounded by ½ miles of walls
what contributed to the decline of the ming dynasty
high taxes, epidemics and peasant revolts
*who created the qing dynasty and helped them take over
the manchus
who was the qing dynastys top ruler
kangxi. he calmed the unrest along the northern and western frontiers by force
Paron of the arts he gained a lot of support from chinese scholars
*treaty of nerchinsk
it was the treaty that established a good trade relationship between russia and china and
gave special trading status with the qings
Other european powers were limited to only trade at certain ports (Peter the great and kangxi)
what led to the qings downfall
corrupt officials, high taxes, expenses of war, westernization and the white lotus revolt
white lotus revolt
revolt launched by peasants in the qing dynasty
*what happened with britain and china
britain was upset they couldnt trade a lot with china and their tea was so expensive so they spent all their money and was like this sucks so they started illegaly selling drugs (opium) and then there was the opium war and in result britain got more ports in china and hongkong for 99 years
*treaty of nanjing
In the treaty of nanjing the chinese agreed to open 5 costal ports for british trade
The chinese limited taxes on imported british goods and the chinese paid for expenses of the war
China also agreed to give the british ownership of the island of hong kong which the british would have ownership of til 1997
Nothing was said in the treaty about the opium trade
hong kong
under british rule for 99 years
perfect blend of British and Chinese cultures
the hong kongers dont want to throw away the culture and be communist so now theres unrest
open door policy
In 1899 us secretary of state wrote a note to britain, france, russia, germany, italy, and japan proposing an idea
The open door policy- all powers with spheres of influence in china would respect equal trading opportunities with china and not set tarifs giving an unfair advantage to the citizens of their own country
boxer rebllion
Boxers were members of a secret organization called the society of harmonious fists
It was a group in china that took out and kiled westerners bc they didnt like westernization
The imperial gov was now weaker than ever
*sino japanese war
japan made itself known as a world power and preyed on the vulnerability of the chinese
tried to take territory in mainland china
Japans first tactic was to take capital cities within china
jp took control of shanghai
Next jp took aim to capture the city of nanjing
karl marx:
Rich vs working class
Revolt working class
Distribute wealth
communism
communism:
Communism looks good on paper but in reality its not
*who took over china and when did they make it communist
mao took over and china on oct 1, 1949
confucianism
a philosophy and system of ethical conduct that since the 5th century b.c. has guided chinese society
Conf. emphasizes tradition, respect for the elderly, hierarchical social order and rule by a benevolent leader who is supposed to look out for the well being of the people
china culture in 1500-1800s
mostly agricultural society and some manufacturing and wasnt as fond towards the emerging business as europe was
chinese family cuture
family is the most important thing and all members should make sacrifice for them and provide for them especially the unmarried daughters
who founded the mongols
ghengis khan
foot binding
used to be a common practice for women to make them more marriable
one child policy
couples could only have one kid and they wanted a boy and this drastically skwewed the gender ratio
sun yet sen
created the nationalist gov
Nanjing safety zone
created by westerners to help the people of nanjing
