ottoman emp (12/1 -) Flashcards

1
Q

3 holy cities

A

Jerusalem, Makkah and Madinah

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2
Q

what the ottomans had control of

A

balkans and anotolian peninisula , mesopotamia, egypt, arabia

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3
Q

why the ottomans wanted the 2 straits + constantinople

A

Ottomans wanted the 2 straits bc it allowed connnections and control of the ocean and const. was a powerful city

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4
Q

how did the ottomans obtain the 2 straits and constantinople

A

they fought against the byzantine empire and won ultimately causing their downfall and the rise of the ottomans

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5
Q

type of land otts gained

A

westward along the african coast almost to the strait of gibraltar
and also advanced into other parts of europe, back into the romanian territory of wallachia

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6
Q

how would one become sultan

A

its heriditary
A son although not always oldest succeeded his father
This practice led to struggles over succession upon death of individual sultans
The losers in the struggle were executed

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7
Q

The private domain of the sultan was called the ?

A

harem, meaning “sacred place”

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8
Q

When a son became sultan his mother was granted the title

A

queen mother (acted as the advisor)

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9
Q

pashas -

A

an appointed official of the OE who collected taxes, maintained law and order, and was directly responsible for the sultans court

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10
Q

what did pashas get in return

A

they went to school and recieved land so in return they were responsible for collecting taxes and supplying armies for the empire from this landed area

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11
Q

sunni muslims

A

Sunni muslim is one of the 2 major branches of islam
Sunni muslims were mainstream more traditionalist branch of islam. SM is based on the belief that the prophet muhammad died without appointing a successor to lead the muslim community

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12
Q

caliper

A

the prophet muhammads rightful successors (like our pope)

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13
Q

ulema

A

this group administered the legal system and schools for educating muslims

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14
Q

what were their biggest developments?

A

architecture (mosques) and rugs

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15
Q

who caused the downfall of the OE and how/why?

A

Sultan Suleyman I set the bar too high by being the best ruler and his son couldnt live up to his legacy

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16
Q

who got control of the west bank and gaza?

A

Jordan-westbank
egypt-gaza

17
Q

who took control of the west bank and gaza after jordan and egypt?

A

israel

18
Q

who were the ottomans first leader?

A

Osman

19
Q

who were the sultans advisors and appointed officials

A

advisor-grand vizier
officials- pashas

20
Q

janassaries

A

elite soldiers

21
Q

social class pyramid

A

sultan -> grand viziers -> janassaries-> merchants -> peasants -> pastoral people -> artisans

22
Q

2 main problems

A

western ideas and trading problems

23
Q

when did the OE collapse?

A

1922

24
Q

when was the OE created?

A

1299