Proteins Flashcards
What does an Amino Acid comprise of?
An amino group, an alpha group (central carbon), a carboxyl group, and an R group
Peptide Linkage (bond)
a covalent bond between the carboxyl group (C1) and an amine group (N2)
Tripeptide
three amino acids bonded together
Nutrient
a chemical substance found in food that is used by an organism to survive, grow and reproduce
Essential Amino Acids
cannot be synthesized (made) by human cells, so they must be supplied by your diet
Non-Essential Amino Acids
our bodies can produce the amino acid, even if we do not get it from the food we eat
Denaturation
involves the breaking of many of the weak linkages or bonds in a protein
Hydrophilic
polar amino acids (water-loving)
Hydrophobic
non-polar amino acids (water-hating)
Primary Protein Structure
the linear sequence of amino acids in a protein
Secondary Protein Structure
when the protein folds upon itself, interacting through hydrogen bonds (alpha helices and beta-sheets)
Tertiary Protein Structure
when proteins fold, the R groups can form interactions
the overall three-dimensional arrangement of its polypeptide chain in sp
Quaternary Protein Structure
when two or more polypeptide chains form a complex, biologically active molecule
Integral Proteins
a type of membrane protein that is permanently attached to the biological membrane
Conjugated Protein
a protein to which another chemical group (e.g., carbohydrate) is attached by either covalent bonding or other interactions
