Mutations and Gene Editing

Question 1

Gene Mutation

Answer 1

A change in sequence of bases of a particular gene

Question 2

Substitution

Answer 2

One nucleotide is swapped for another

Question 3

Insertion

Answer 3

The addition of one or more nucleotides into a segment of DNA

Question 4

Deletion

Answer 4

The loss of one or more nucleotides from a segment of DNA

Question 5

Frameshift

Answer 5

A mutation that messes up the three base pair codons

either insertion or deletion

Question 6

Mutagen

Answer 6

An agent that causes genetic mutations

Question 7

Germ Cell

Answer 7

A cell that develops into a reproductive cell

Question 8

Gene Knockout

Answer 8

Genetically modified organisms that lack a functional copy of a gene

Question 9

Mutant

Answer 9

An organism arising from an instance of mutation

Question 10

CRISPR Sequences

Answer 10

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats

Question 11

Cas9 Enzyme

Answer 11

A programmable enzyme that allows targeted split of DNA in virtually any organism

Question 12

Genome Editing

Answer 12

A method used for making specific changes to the DNA of a cell or organism

Question 13

Conserved Sequences

Answer 13

Identical or similar sequences in nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) or proteins across species